1. Models of the Earth

2. Shape of the Earth
Is this really what
people used to
believe?

3. Ancient World

4. Maps

5. Hemispheres
Equator: Imaginary horizontal line that divides the earth into northern and southern hemispheres. Standard of latitude.
Prime Meridian: Imaginary vertical line which divides the Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres.
Standard of longitude.

6. Latitude
The angle of the North star in the sky is equal to one’s latitude.

7. Longitude

8. Coordinates

9. Projections The Earth is a three-dimensional sphere.
In order to map it onto a two-dimensional map certain features must be distorted.
Mercator Projection
Equal Area Projection
Conic Projection

10. Projections
Lines of Longitude are parallel
Poles become distorted

11. Projections
The area of each section is the same
Distortion near edges

12. Projections
Longitudinal lines are parallel, while latitudinal lines are curved. Size and shape of land is accurate
Only works for small areas.

13. Topographical Maps
Topographical maps show the change in elevation over a landscape.

14. Matching Landscapes