1. Causes of WWII
Rise of Dictators

2. Europe after wwi Ruined economy (cities and farms destroyed)
Treaty of Versailles left European nations unhappy
Germany suffered under Treaty of Versailles
People discouraged and humiliated
Reparations
Inflation
Ex: In 1923, bread cost 80 billion marks
Weak govt: The Weimar Republic

3. Rise of dictators

5. Italy: Benito Mussolini
Angry over the Treaty of Versailles, he founded the National Fascist Party.
Fascism stressed the glory of the state over the individual
“ Everything in the State, nothing outside the State, nothing against the State.”
Established a dictatorship: government by a leader who holds unchallenged power and authority
Had total control over daily life in a totalitarian regime
No other political parties, controlled newspapers, schools, and businesses

7. Joined National Socialists, or Nazis
Germany: Adolf Hitler
Joined National Socialists, or Nazis
1923; revolt failed and was sent to prison
Mein Kampf (My Struggle)—a book that outlined his political ideas
Racial superiority
Blamed the Jews for Germany’s problems
Hitler became Germany’s chancellor in 1933.
Eliminated all opponents
Secretly began to build up the German military

9. Russia: Joseph Stalin Russia was a communist country
Stalin comes in power in the 1920s
Very controlling, totalitarian leader
In control of every aspect of individual lives, as well as politics

10. Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin, communism was similar to fascism. He crushed all political opposition.

11. Military Force of Totalitarian regimes

12. Japan invades manchuria
Military leaders attacked Manchuria without permission of government and used violence to gain control over the government.
Japan invades Manchuria in search of Natural Resources
League of Nations is critical, but does nothing

13. Italy invades ethiopia
1935 Mussolini has Italy invade Ethiopia
Italy conquers Ethiopia
Ethiopian Emperor asks League of Nations for help
“ It is collective security. It is the very existence of the League of Nations. It is the confidence that each State is to place in international treaties. It is the values of promises made to small States that their integrity and their independence shall be replaced and ensured…in a word, it is international morality that is at stake.”- --Halie Selassie
League does nothing

14. Adolf Hitler Gains Power
The Rhineland
Hitler begins to re-arm Germany
Hitler sent troops into the Rhineland in 1936.
Violates Treaty of Versailles
France and Britain were unwilling to stop this.
Met the aggression with appeasment- allowing Hitler take land with agreement to stop

15. appeasement
Appeasement is a diplomatic policy aimed at avoiding war by making concessions to an aggressor
Giving up something small now in hopes of avoiding bigger problems in the future

16. The Anschluss
In 1938 Hitler tried to unite the ethnic Germans of Austria with those of Germany.
Violates the Treaty of Versailles
But no one stops them

17. The Sudetenland
Hitler wanted control of German-speaking portion of Czechoslovakia.
Munich Agreement 1938: Neville Chamberlain (GB) and others allowed Hitler to annex the Sudetenland with the promise that he stop annexing land.

18. Map Activity Label the map of Europe Color the Axis and Allied Powers
Use page749 in your book

19. WWII Alliances Allies Axis Powers Great Britain France Canada
Russia- After Hitler breaks the non-aggression pact
U.S. – After Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
Germany
Italy
Japan