1. Heredity Unit Notes Quiz #2 Content

2. (1) Allele Variations All individuals inherit 2 alleles per gene:
1 from mother (egg cell)
1 from father (sperm cell)
Individuals can inherit:
2 of the same allele variations = “Homozygous”
2 different allele variations = “Heterozygous”

3. (2) Dominant vs Recessive
The 2 types of allele variations are DOMINANT and RECESSIVE.
Dominant Traits always show.
Recessive Traits only show when 2 are inherited together.

4. (3) Dominant/Recessive EXamples:
Example #1: A person has Dominant-Recessive… What will they LOOK like?
Example #2: A person has Recessive-Recessive… What will they LOOK like?
Example #3: A person has Dominant-Dominant… What will they LOOK like?

5. (4) PCR Chart Review
A PCR Chart can be used to show the genotypes of the parents and their offspring.
1 Thick Line = 2 of the Same Alleles inherited
2 Thin Lines = 2 Different Alleles inherited

6. (5) Making Predictions If we know the parents’ genotypes we can…
Make predictions of the possible offspring they can produce.
Make predictions as to the % chance of producing different types of offspring.
Example: Make predictions for 2 parents. The mom is Homozygous Recessive for a trait, and the dad is Heterozygous.

7. (6) Pedigrees
A Pedigree is a diagram used to show how individuals in a family are related to one another.
Pedigrees can show how traits are inherited in a family.
We can also use pedigrees to make predictions.
Parts:
Squares = Males, Circles = Females
Horizontal Line = Sexual Reproduction Together
Vertical Lines = Offspring of Parents