1. Classification of Living Things

2. What is Classification?
Putting things into groups based on similarities

3. The science of grouping and naming organisms is called taxonomy.

4. Early classification systems

5. Aristotle
2,000 years ago, Aristotle used 2 groups: plants and animals (those that live on land & those that live in water)
Problem: where do you put amphibians?

6. Carolus Linnaeus

7. Grouped based on similarities
Developed two-word naming system: binomial nomenclature
Used Latin

8. 8 Levels of Classification
Go from largest to smallest groups
Domain is largest; species is smallest

9. Classification of the DOG
Domain > Eukarya

10. Binomial nomenclature
First word identifies the genus and the second word identifies the species

11. Writing scientific names
Genus species
Ex: Panthera tigris

12. No two organisms have the same scientific name!

13. Why are scientific names useful?
Avoid confusion
Give descriptive info

14. 3. Allow info to be organized easily
4.Allow organisms with similar evolutionary history to be grouped together

15. 6 Kingdoms of Life

16. Archaebacteria
Eubacteria

17. Bacteria

18. 3. Kingdom Protista
Vorticella
Paramecium
Amoeba

19. 4. Kingdom Fungi

20. 5. Kingdom Plantae

21. 6. Kingdom Animalia

22. 3 Domains

23. Classification Tools
1. Dichotomous keys: a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that leads to the identification of an unknown organism

24. A B C

25. 2. Cladogram: a branched diagram that shows the relationships among organisms, including common ancestors