1. Science Goal Chapter 4 Lesson 1
ISBAT know how leaves help a plant.

2. Science Vocabulary Epidermis – the outside layer of flat cells
Sponge Tissue – Middle layer that allows air to pass
Vessel Tissue – The layer of the leaf that have tubes that carry food and water to other parts

3. Science Vocabulary (cont.)
Photosynthesis – The process that plants use to make sugar for food
Chlorophyll – Green pigment that captures energy from the sun
Chloroplasts – Where photosynthesis happens
Carbon Dioxide + water + sunlight = oxygen + sugar/starch
photosynthesis.htm

4. Science Goal Chapter 4 Lesson 2
ISBAT know how stems and roots help a plant.

5. Vocabulary
Stems- support a plant and move water and food from one part of the plant to another.
Xylem- tissues that are tubes that carry materials from the roots to the leaves. (trees have lots of these)
Phloem- tissues that are tubes that carry sugar away from leaves.

6. Vocabulary
Root hairs- the tiny part of the root that absorb most of the water
Taproot- a large root that grow straight down.
Fibrous root- roots grow in many different directions.

7. Science Goal Chapter 4 Lesson3
ISBAT know how plants reproduce

8. Vocabulary h
Pollen- a grainy yellow powder made in the stamen.
Imperfect flowers only have either the stamen or the pistil but not both.
Perfect flowers- flowers with both stamen and pistil.
Pollination- when pollen moves from the stamen to the pistil

9. Fertilization- When pollen goes down the pistil through the stigma, style, and lands in the ovary.

10. DNA- contains all the information of an organism.
Seeds- protects the embryo inside the plant as well as the food.

11. Spore- a single plant cell that can grow into a full plant
Spore- a single plant cell that can grow into a full plant. No pollination or fertilization required!
Plant Runners- Plants that can grow new plants from their steams or roots.

12. Science Goal Chapter 4 Lesson 4
ISBAT know how plants grow

13. Vocabulary
Germination- when plants begin to sprout or grow from a seed.
Tropisms- the ways that plants change their direction of growth in response to the environment
Growth hormone- a chemical that affects how a plant grows

14. Vocabulary Gravitropism- the growth of a plant affected by gravity.
Phototropism- a plants reaction and growth according to light.
Thigmotropism- a plant’s growth in response to touching an object