1. Topic 3: Methods of Science
Standard 1.3 – I can understand experimental design and methods in science. 1

2. Hypothesis If…..then...because
Discuss the following & create a hypothesis:
Color

3. Experimental Design
Scientific Method – an organized plan for gathering, organizing and communication of information
Scientific Inquiry – a process that uses a set of skills to answer questions or to test ideas about the natural world.
GOAL
Solve a problem
Better understand something

4. Experimental Design Problem/Question What do you want to know?
Research
Hypothesis
Experiment
Test your hypothesis
Collect and Analyze Data
Conclusion
Accept, reject, or modify the hypothesis

5. Evolution of a Scientific Idea
Prediction – a statement of what will happen next in a sequence of events
Hypothesis – a possible explanation for an observation that can be tested by scientific investigation

6. Evolution of a Scientific Idea
Scientific Theory – explanation of things or events that is based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations
Scientific Law – rule that describes a pattern in nature

7. Parts of an Experiment Independent Variable Fact YOU change
AKA: Manipulated Variable
Dependent Variable
Factor that changes BECAUSE you changed something
AKA: Responding Variable
Variable
Factor that changes
Two types
Independent variable
Dependent variable

8. Constant
Factors that never are changed from test to test
Trial
Repeating the experiment
3 times for best result

9. Measurement Types LENGTH Straight line distance between two points
How long something is
SI unit = meters (m)
Tools for finding
Meter stick or ruler

10. Amount of heat given off by an object Molecular Motion
Temperature
Amount of heat given off by an object
Molecular Motion
How hot or cold something is
SI unit = Kelvin (K)
ºC, ºF
Tools for finding
Thermometer

11. How much Matter is in an object SI unit: kilogram (kg)
MASS
How much Matter is in an object
SI unit: kilogram (kg)
Tools for Finding
Balances or scales
Note:
Mass and Weight are two different things
Mass never changes from place to place

12. VOLUME Amount of Space an object takes up Units: L, mL, cm3
Tools: graduated cylinder or ruler
Three Different Methods for finding Volume
Regular object
Irregular object
Liquid

13. Finding Volume Liquids (water)
Place the liquid in a graduated cylinder and read the level
Regular Object (block)
L * W * H
Irregular Object (rock)
Do Water Displacement
Subtract water level without object from water level with object

14. Scientific Method & Measurement Lab
Part 1 - Measurements
You have 5 minutes at each station
You have 25 minutes to complete all 5
*I will tell you when to change parts*
Part 2 - Scientific Method
At your own pace with your group

15. Topic 4 – Measurements in Science
Standard 1.4 – I can explain how measurements are used in science and how to determine the density of an object.
Take your notebook out!
Question: How do scientist determine the density of an object? 15

16. Density Mass per unit Volume Unit: g/mL or g/cm3 Formula Density =
mass (needs to be in grams)
volume

17. Density
Density of water is 1 g/mL
Less means float
More means sink

18. Practice Density Question
Steps:
Write density equation
Identify variables that are given
Identify variable missing
Solve for missing variable
An aluminum block has a density of 2.7 g/cm3 and has a mass of 33g.

19. Practice Density Question
Lab Masses
Object # kg
Object # kg
Object # kg
Complete the densities for objects #1-3 on Station 3