1. Population: Canada and the World
Chapter 13:
pages

4. Demography: The study of human populations.
It helps us understand the consequences of population change

5. The Census
In Canada we have a census every ten years, and a minor one every five.
economic and social data.
You MUST complete it! It’s the law!

6. Developed / Developing
Censuses are a good way to gather information in developed countries
Developed countries have a high amount of wealth and technology – can make sure their data is up to date and accurate
Developing countries do not usually have enough technology to keep accurate data

7. It’s difficult to compare countries with different populations, so when we talk about births and deaths, we talk about rates per

8. exponential rate

9. Population depends on births, deaths, and migrations.

10. Doubling Time refers to how long it takes a population to double in size.

11. The Rule of 70
Doubling time is approximately equal to seventy divided by the growth rate (in percent) per year

12. Rule of 70 Practice Gabon: 1.5% growth rate. How long to double?
Mexico: 15.5% natural increase
Canada: -5.5 natural increase

13. Effects of Migration

14. Important Terms for Calculations
Crude Birth Rate
doubling time
Crude Death Rate
rule of 70
exponential rate
immigration rate
emigration rae
net migration rate

15. Use this website to do some practice calculations!

16. Homework Read: pages 316 - 322 Questions, using the World Data Bank…
Which country has a higher birth rate: Pakistan or Mexico?
What is Germany’s rate of increase?
What is Thailand’s doubling time?

17. Demographic Revolution

18. Why do different places have different life expectancies?
health care
clean water
infrastructure
education
industry

19. Demographic Transition Model
Page 324

21. Age Structure and Population Pyramids
Age Structure: The formation of the population of a country based on age group
Divide population into three groups:
Children 0-14
Working adults 15-64
Elderly adults 65 and older

22. Dependency Ratio
A dependency ratio compares the working population to those who are dependent and need help

23. Changing Dependency Ratios

24. Population Pyramids

25. Population Pyramids
A population pyramid shows a breakdown of population by sex and age, grouped into cohorts of 5 years
It can show how a country’s population might change

26. Growing or Shrinking? Developing or Developed?

27. Canada needed immigrants!

28. Which pyramid shows: high birth and death rates, insufficient nutrition, high infant mortality rates

29. 45. Which of the following factors is typical at Stage 4?
A. decreased adult literacy
B. increase in fertility rates
C. decreased access to food supply
D. increase in demand for medical services

30. Provincial Question
What factor contributes most to Canada’s present population growth?
A. fertility rate
B. immigration
C. natural increase
D. infant mortality rate

31. Which of the following concepts is associated with this statement?
“An ever-increasing percentage of our population is retired from the workforce. This will pose major challenges for our nation’s social security programs in the future. “
Which of the following concepts is associated with this statement?
A. doubling time
B. multilateral aid
C. dependency ratio
D. population density

32. Homework Read Pages 322 - 331 Questions
Draw the Demographic Transition Model. Explain why countries change from Stage 1 to Stage 2.
Which stage is Canada in? What did we do as a result?
Explain what you can learn from looking at a country’s population pyramid.

33. Where do 7 billion people live?

34. More Terms!
Population distribution: the way people are spaced, where they are
Population density: the number of people in an area.
Crude density: calculated by dividing population by area. (Note: Not always useful! Not many people live in the middle of Australia!)
Nutritional Density: How many calories can be produced on the land.
ecumene: permanently inhabited places

35. Nutritional Density

36. C. population distribution D. environmental catastrophes
46. Which concept does this map best illustrate? A. water usage
B. net migration
C. population distribution
D. environmental catastrophes

37. Provincial Question Which country has the highest population density?
A. Russia
B. Japan
C. Saudi Arabia
D. Kenya
Country
(millions)
Land Area
(thou sq km)
Russia
144
17,098
Japan
126
377
Saudi Arabia 31
2,149
Kenya 45
581

38. Case Study: One Child Policy
In 1949, Mao Zedong encouraged higher population to make China great.
By 1972, they had 852 million people.

39. Case Study: One Child Policy
After Mao’s death, the Chinese government created the One Child Policy. People with more than one child were fined.

40. Case Study: One Child Policy
By 1980, the population was halved.
However, infanticide had become a problem. Many families wanted boys.

41. Case Study: Thomas Malthus
Thomas Malthus was an economist in England in
England’s population was growing quickly. He predicted famine, as people outgrew the food supply.

42. Case Study: Thomas Malthus
However, after the Industrial Revolution, people could grow more food from less land. England’s carrying capacity rose!
Carrying capacity is the number of people that can be supported by an area.

43. Case Study: Thomas Malthus
Today, some people called Ne0-Malthusians think we are approaching the earth’s carrying capacity.
Could another innovation save us? Could changing habits? Could anything?

44. Homework Read pages 331 - 338 Questions:
How does population distribution correspond to nutritional density?
How did China change their population growth? Do you think this was a good idea? Why or why not?
Do you think the world can find a way to support more people, or are we heading for disaster? Explain your reasoning.