1. Panacea or Predicament?
UN Peacekeeping
Panacea or Predicament?

2. Post-Cold War Conflict
Threat of nuclear war is gone
End of Security Council paralysis
Success in Gulf War I
Intra-state v. interstate conflict
Rise of failed states

3. Optimism Fades Somalia - Failure Bosnia – Initial Failure
Rwanda - Failure

4. History of UN Peacekeeping
56 Suez
60 Congo

5. Classifications of Peacekeeping
1st Generation – Peace Monitoring
2nd Generation – Nation Building
3rd Generation – Peace Making

6. Diehl’s Criteria for Success
Organizing Agency
Regional Organization
Well equipped
Timing
Ceasefire
Peace deal in place
Pre-hostilities

7. Diehl’s Criteria for Success
Host State Consent
Neutrality
Geography
Interposition
Vulnerability
3rd Party Cooperation
Mandate/Mission

8. Other Peacekeeping Issues
Who Pays? Who Serves?
A Permanent UN army?
The right to intervene in a humanitarian crisis, “The Obligation to Protect”
Security Council Reform

9. 2nd Generation or Nation Building
Roland Paris – “ The Limits of Liberal Internationalism”
Are Democracy and Capitalism the right models for nation building?

10. International Criminal Court (ICC)

11. Case Studies OTP
UNEF – Sinai
Bosnia
Cyprus
Somalia
Rwanda
Darfur?

12. Can The UN Save Sudan/Darfur?....Congo? Somalia?.......Mali?

14. The Situation in Darfur/Sudan
AU Peacekeeping Force
Security Council authorization for a UN Force
280k dead, 3 million displaced
Muslim v. Christian?
Arab v. African?
Global Climate Change?
Ceasefire?
Spillover into Chad

15. China and Sudan
Chinese firms have invested $15 billion since 1996 mostly in the oil industry boosting Sudanese government revenue
Offsetting US sanctions that have been in place since 1997
%10 of China’s oil imports come from Sudan
China has rejected sanctions in the UN Security Council
Oil revenue has allowed Sudan to wage war in Darfur
China has built arms factories in Sudan which have countered the UN arms embargo
Steven Spielberg and the Olympics