1. CHAPTER 4
Whole Body Terms

2. Structural Organization
Cells
Smallest, most numerous structural unit
Tissues
Groups of similar cells with specialized functions

3. Structural Organization
Organs
Tissues arranged together to perform a particular function
Body systems
Organization of different organs to perform bodily functions

4. Terms Relating to Cells
Anaplasia
Aplasia
Dysplasia
Hyperplasia
Hypoplasia
Neoplasia

5. Types of Tissues Connective Epithelial Muscle Nervous Skeletal
Smooth or Visceral
Cardiac
Nervous

6. Body Planes Midsagittal Midline of the body
Divides body into equal right and left portions
Midline of the body
Medial
Lateral

7. Body Planes

8. Body Planes Frontal or coronal
Divides body into front and back portions

9. Body Planes

10. Body Planes Transverse Cuts across body Superior (Cranial, Cephalic)
Inferior (Caudal)

11. Body Planes

12. Body Regions Nine abdominal regions Identified from left to right
Move from top to bottom
One row at a time

13. Body Regions

14. Abdominal Quadrants Landmark = umbilicus (navel) Quadrants
RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
McBurney’s point
Monro’s point

15. Abdominal Quadrants

16. Body Cavities Ventral cavity Dorsal cavity Thoracic Abdominal Pelvic
Cranial
Spinal

17. Body Cavities

18. Divisions of the Back Cervical Vertebrae (C1 – C7)
Thoracic Vertebrae (T1 – T12)
Lumbar Vertebrae (L1 – L5)
Sacrum
Coccyx

19. Divisions of the Back

20. Directional Terms Superficial vs. Deep Anterior vs. Posterior
Ventral vs. Dorsal
Superior vs. Inferior
Cranial vs. Caudal

21. Directional Terms

22. Directional Terms Medial vs. Lateral Distal vs. Proximal
Supine vs. Prone
Supination vs. Pronation
Plantar vs. Dorsum

23. Directional Terms