1. Injuries and Ligaments
Synovial joints
Injuries and Ligaments

2. Learning goals I will be able to identify ligaments in various joints.
I will be able to identify articulating bones in various joints.
I will be able to identify common joint injuries.

3. Joint injuries Strain: muscle and tendon tear Sprain: ligament strain
occur when joint forced past the point of restriction in its range of motion.
result is a stretching or total tearing of one or more of the connective tissues.

4. sprains classified according to their severity
1st Degree: stretch or tear of less than 25% of the fibres
some pain, minimum loss of function, mild point tenderness
little or no swelling, no abnormal motion
2nd Degree: a tear of 25% to 75% of the fibres
pain, moderate loss of function,
swelling, slight instability possible

5. sprains 3rd Degree: severe – a complete tearing of the fibres
very painful, a major loss of function
instability, tenderness, and swelling
joints most vulnerable to sprains in sports are ankles, knees and shoulders.

6. Shoulder joint glenohumeral joint
relatively unstable allowing for all kinds of movement
scapula (glenoid fossa), humerus and indirectly the clavicle

8. Shoulder ligaments
superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments
SGHL – adduction
MGHL – external rotation
IGHL – internal/external rotation and abduction
all three articulate with the glenoid cavity of scapula and humerus

9. Elbow joint
hinge
between humerus and radius/ulna

10. ulnar (ulna and humerus) and radial (radius and humerus) collateral ligaments
extension

11. Ankle joint hinge distal ends of tibia and fibula resting on talus
plantar flexion and dorsiflexion

12. Deltoid Ligament
Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular and Tibia
Calcaneofibular Ligament
Calcaneus and Fibula
Anterior Talofibular Ligament
Talus and Fibula

13. Ankle injuries inversion eversion most common
rolling over on your ankle or twisted ankle
unstable ankle in plantar flexion
rare due to strength of deltoid
Clip 1
Clip 2

14. Hip joint
articulation of the rounded head of the femur and the cup-like acetabulum of the pelvis

15. Hip joint iliofemoral ishciofemoral pubofemoral
Illium (Pelvis) and Femur
ishciofemoral
Ishium (Pelvis) and Femur
pubofemoral
Pubis (Pelvis) and Femur
all three ligaments strengthen joint and limit excessive movement

16. Knee joint
femur and tibia
hinge (flex/extend) or ellipsoid (rotation)

17. ACL – stops anterior movement of tibia
PCL – stops posterior movement of tibia
MCL – provides medial stability
LCL – provides lateral stability

18. Knee injuries
Beware the Injury!

19. Learning goals I will be able to identify ligaments in various joints.
I will be able to identify articulating bones in various joints.
I will be able to identify common joint injuries.

20. Please complete ( )
Osteoarthritis, bursitis, cartilage damage, sprains, dislocations and separations are common joint ailments.
Design a table to compare and contrast these ailments in terms of causes, signs or symptoms and treatment.
What is the P.I.E.R principle?
Based on your participation in your favourite physical activity or sports, to which joint injuries or diseases would you predict you might be most vulnerable to?
What precautions can you take to avoid these injuries?

21. ASSIGNMENT #1 - create the elbow (HINGE) joint
ANT
LAT
POST

22. ASSIGNMENT #2- create the radial-ulnar (PIVOT) joint
ANTERIOR

23. ASSIGNMENT #3- create the shoulder (BALL & SOCKET) joint
ANT
LAT

24. ASSIGNMENT #4- create the knee (HINGE) joint
ANT
LAT

25. ASSIGNMENT #5- create the HIP (BALL & SOCket) joint