1. Section 3 Suffrage and Civil Rights

2. How to cheat and win:
Gerrymandering-manipulating the boundaries of an area in order to win an election

4. What is an Injunction?
Injunction- a court order that either compels or restrains the performance of some act by a private individual or by a public official
Basically a “time-out” card issued by the courts
Example: Apple wanted Samsung to be forced to stop selling their products due to an infringement on copyright patents

5. The Fifteenth Amendment

6. Plessy vs. Ferguson
1896: The Supreme Court ruled that it was constitutional to keep blacks and whites separate as long as the facilities were equal
“Separate but Equal”
Ruled that blacks and whites could have different facilities.
Separate but Equal---School Integration Activity

7. Brown vs. Board of Education
Ended legal segregation in schools
Chief Justice Earl Warren argued that it violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment
Separate but Equal---School Integration Activity

8. Voting Rights Act of 1965

9. The Voting Rights Act of 1965
Made the 15th Amendment effective—it beat out the legal battles that were preventing African Americans from voting
This act applied to all elections held anywhere in this country
Voting Act originally to last only five years

10. Voting Rights Act of 1965 cont.
Preclearance
cases show that laws most likely run afoul of preclearance requirements are those that make changes
location of polling places
boundaries of election districts
deadlines in the election process
ward or district election to at-large elections
qualifications candidates must meet in order to run for office

11. Section 4 Voter Behavior

12. Political Participation and Awareness in America1 3 4
Chapter 6, Section 2

13. Nonvoters Tens of millions vote in all kinds of elections
Many millions for one reason or another choose not to vote

14. The Size of the Problem
Off-year election: the congressional elections held in the even- numbered years between presidential elections
Ballot Fatigue

15. Why People Do Not Vote Can’t Vote Actual Nonvoters resident aliens
ill or disabled
traveling
religious beliefs
jail/prison
Actual Nonvoters
Don’t want to
Don’t care

16. Non-Voter vs. Voter
Have one student be the “Voter” and one be the “Non-Voter”….dress them up! Use Chris’ PA coat for voter. Use crappy clothes for Non-voter.

17. Comparing Nonvoters to Voters
Voters Characteristics
high income
education
occupational status
long-time residence
sense of party identification
Nonvoters Characteristics
under 35
unmarried
unskilled
live in south rural areas
Have one student be the “Voter” and one be the “Non-Voter”….dress them up! Use Chris’ PA coat for voter. Use crappy clothes for Non-voter.

19. Voters and Voting Behavior
Studying Voting Behavior
results of particular elections
field of survey research
studies of political socialization

20. Factors that Influence Voters
Age
Race
Income
Occupation
Education
Religion
Family
Co-workers
Friends

21. Sociological Factors Income/Occupation Education Gender:
High Income= Republican Party
Low Income= Democratic Party
Education
Gender:
Women = democrat
Men = republican

22. Sociological Factors:
Religious Background:
Protestants typically are republican
Catholics and Jews are typically democrat
Geography:
Smaller cities and rural areas—republican
Big cities – democrat
Family:
People in a family tend to vote similarly

23. Psychological Factors
Party Identification: the loyalty of people to a particular political party
Straight-ticket Voting: practice of voting for candidates of only one party in an election
Split-ticket voting: practice of voting for the candidates of more than one party in an election
Independents: people who have no party affiliation
Candidates and Issues