1. Reconstruction
AIM: Should the South have been treated as a defeated nation or as rebellious states?

2. I. Emancipation General Sherman offers “40 Acres and a mule”
13th Amendment

3. C. Freedman’s Bureau
Eased transition for blacks from slaves to free persons
Provided education, food, jobs, clothing shelter to Civil War refugees
Lease or sell abandoned lands to former slaves

4. D. Southern White Reaction
Black Codes:
a. Subordinate blacks to whites
b. Blacks couldn’t own guns, make insulting gestures, serve on juries
c. Could only work in agriculture or domestic service

5. II. Lincoln’s Plan
With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.

6. A. Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction - 1863
Pardon all southerners who swore loyalty oath
10% Plan – taken oath they can organize state government
States must adopt new constitution abolishing slavery

7. B. Wade-Davis Bill Voided 10% plan, required ½ voters to take oath
Guaranteed equality for Freedman
Lincoln uses “pocket veto” to let bill die
Lincoln assassinated April 14th, 1865

11. III. Johnson’s Plan Program of Reconciliation
1.Offered pardons to most rebels.
2.To rejoin Union , renounce secession and agree to 13th amendment
3.Return confiscated land to Confederates

12. IV. State Governments during Reconstruction
Scalawags: white southerners active in southern gov’ts.
Carpetbaggers: Republican northerners who came South to take part in Reconstruction

13. C. Southern Reaction

14. V. Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Johnson angers Republicans
1. Veto’s Civil Rights Act
2. Veto’s Freedman’s Bureau
3. Supports Black Codes

15. B. Election of 1866
Congressional elections that Johnson campaigns for Democrats against Republicans
“Swing Around the Circle Campaign” vs.
“Wave the Bloody Shirt”

16. C. Tenure of Office Act
Cannot remove any person from federal position without Senate approval
Secretary of War Edwin Stanton set to take control of military occupation of the South.
Johnson fires Stanton violating Tenure Act
Johnson impeached

17. Charged with high crimes and misdemeanors

18. Acquitted by the Senate
President Johnson loses all power
Congressional Radical Reconstruction takes over

19. VI. Radical Republican Reconstruction
Congressional Leaders
1. Thaddeus Stevens
2. Charles Sumner

20. B. Congressional Plan
Divide south into 5 military districts controlled by U.S. army
Required a majority of voters to take loyalty oath
Banned former Confederate official from voting in state legislatures

21. Outlaw slavery
Required southern states to grant African-Americans the right to vote

22. 6. Civil Rights Act of 1866 Blacks have the same rights as whites
Can give evidence in court, sue, inherit, purchase land
Those guilty of violation would face fine and prison

23. C. Impact

24. Election to Congress of 16 black senators and Congress
Hiram Revels and Blanche K. Bruce

25. 14th Amendment:
a. Freed slaves made citizens
b. Guarantee's equal protection under the law.
c. Due Process

26. 15th amendment
a. Gave freed blacks right to vote.

27. 7. 14th Amendment Guaranteed citizenship to blacks
b. Due Process Clause prohibits state and local governments from depriving persons of life, liberty, or property without certain steps being taken to ensure fairness.
c. Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction