1. The Glorious Revolution
Unit 4 Section 2
Essential Standards: How the enlightenment ideas and thinkers influenced revolution around the world.
I can: identify enlightenment ideas and understand how they caused revolution and change around the world. How revolutions spark change in not only the political realm, but also economically, and socially.

2. The Tudors and the Stuarts
The Tudors divine right, & good relations w/ Parliament.
When he broke w/ the Roman Catholic Church or when he needed funds, Henry VIII consulted Parliament.
Elizabeth both consulted & controlled Parliament.
The Stuarts divine right & repeatedly clashed w/ Parliament.
James I dissolved Parliament and collected taxes on his own.
Charles I ignored the Petition of Right, dissolved Parliament, & ruled the nation for 11 years w/out it.

3. The English Civil War
Pitted supporters of Charles I (Cavaliers/Royalists) against the forces of Parliament (Roundheads), under Oliver Cromwell.
Cromwell’s army defeated the forces of the king.
Parliament put Charles on trial & condemned him to death as “a tyrant, traitor, murderer, & public enemy.”
After the execution of Charles I, the House of Commons abolished the monarchy, the House of Lords, & the official Church of England. It declared England a republic, (Commonwealth), leadership of Oliver Cromwell.
Execution: no ruler could claim absolute power and ignore the rule of law.

4. The Glorious Revolution
When James II angered his subjects & clashed w/ Parliament, parliamentary leaders invited William and Mary to become rulers of England.
When William & Mary landed in England, James II fled to France. This bloodless overthrow of a king became known as the Glorious Revolution.
Before they could be crowned, William & Mary had to accept the English Bill of Rights, which:
ensured superiority of Parliament over the monarchy.
gave the House of Commons “power of the purse.”
barred any Roman Catholic from sitting on the throne.
reinstated the rights of English citizens.
The Glorious Revolution did not create a democracy, but a type of gov’t called a limited monarchy, in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch’s powers.
The Glorious Revolution explained