1. Ch. 4 In-Class Notes: Earth’s Resources

2. A material that the Earth produces without human help which can be used by humans.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

3. Ex: fossil fuels, minerals, aggregate, bedrock
Nonrenewable resources take a very long time to be regenerated, so it may be used up before it can be replaced.
Ex: fossil fuels, minerals, aggregate, bedrock
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

4. Fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources that
are formed by the break down of buried plant
and/or animal material that died millions of
years ago.
Burning fossil fuels can create air pollution.
Ex: coal, natural gas, oil (petroleum)
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

5. Mineral deposits are very closely related to the rock cycle.
Metallic ores that are formed by igneous and hydrothermal metamorphic processes include gold, silver, copper, lead, chromite, platinum, zinc, etc.
Nonmetallic minerals are important building, industrial, and commercial materials.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

6. Layers of gravel, sand and crushed stone is called aggregate.
Aggregate is mined for use in construction.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

7. Renewable resources can be regenerated in a relatively short amount of time.
Ex: biomass, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, and nuclear energy
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

8. Biomass materials are derived directly from living organisms.
Ex: Wood/paper, Field crops, Peat, Cotton, Fecal material.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

9. Solar energy is the use of sunlight for energy.
Skylights, windows, and greenhouses use direct sunlight for light and heat.
Engineers model solar panels after photosynthetic organisms to absorb sunlight and convert it into electrical power.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

10. Hydroelectric power is created when moving water is diverted through turbines, causing the turbines to rotate and produce electricity.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

11. Geothermal energy is when hot water from beneath the Earth is pumped through pipes to heat buildings, produce electricity, and provide recreational opportunities.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

12. Wind energy is energy created when wind causes turbines to rotate and produce mechanical energy, which is then used to produce electricity.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

13. Nuclear energy is created when nuclear fission, or the breaking apart of radioactive elements, produces a lot of energy that is collected and converted into electricity.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

14. Land provides space, nutrients and minerals to grow food or use as building materials, space for organisms to live, and scenic areas that people like to travel to.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

15. South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

16. Living organisms require a specific chemical composition of atmosphere in order to breathe and live healthy lives.

17. About 71% of the Earth is covered by water,
but only about 3% of it is freshwater.
Most of the freshwater in the world is frozen
as glaciers and ice caps.

18. Most of the freshwater in the U. S
Most of the freshwater in the U.S. is used to water crops for agriculture.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

19. Flushing the toilet, taking showers/baths,
and doing laundry accounts for most of the
freshwater used at home.
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.

20. Precipitation and snowmelt Glaciers/ice caps
Groundwater
Precipitation and snowmelt
Glaciers/ice caps
South America is moving away from Africa at a rate of 2-3 centimeters (cm) every year.
Hawaii is moving NW 8-9 cm/year.
SW CA is moving NW ~ 5cm/year.
Mt. Everest is slowly rising.