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Macromolecules Cells 3.0.

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Presentation on theme: "Macromolecules Cells 3.0."— Presentation transcript:

1 Macromolecules Cells 3.0

2 Organic Compounds Organic Compounds- contain the element (C- carbon) are essential to all known life on earth. Without Carbon, life as we know it would not exist.

3 Organic or Inorganic Game

4 Organic/Inorganic practice

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8 ??????????????????????????????????????

9 Macromolecules Large molecules that form when smaller molecules combine

10 Macromolecules There are four Macromolecules: 1. Carbohydrates 2. Protein 3. Lipid 4. Nucleic Acid

11 Carbohydrates Chains of one or more sugar molecules

12 Carbohydrates Elements Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O)

13 Supply energy for cell processes
Carbohydrates Function Supply energy for cell processes Form plant structures Provide structural support Short-term energy storage Communication between cells

14 Carbohydrates Examples: Sugars(glucose/fructose) starches Cellulose Pasta, Cereal, Fruit, Veggies Other: Humans can’t digest the cellulose!

15 Carbohydrate Structure

16 Protein Long chains of Amino Acids
They are necessary for almost everything cells do

17 Protein Elements Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O) Nitrogen (N) Sulfur (S)

18 Protein Regulate cell processes Provide/Build cell structure
Function Regulate cell processes Cell communication Transportation Provide/Build cell structure Speed up chemical reaction(enzymes)

19 Protein Examples: Enzymes muscles antibodies blood clots Collagen: skin, ligaments, hair, tendons, bone

20 Protein Proteins are determined by the sequence of DNA and RNA
Other: Proteins are determined by the sequence of DNA and RNA The shape is determined by how the amino acids fold

21 Protein Structure

22 Lipid Macromolecules that don’t dissolve in water

23 Lipid Elements: Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O) Phosphorus (P)

24 Lipid Store LARGE amount of energy LONG term and release when needed
Function: Store LARGE amount of energy LONG term and release when needed Form protective boundaries around cells(membranes)

25 Lipid Examples: Fats, oils Waxes Hormones Steroids Phospholipids
Cholesterol Vitamin A

26 Lipids There are 2 kinds of lipids

27 Lipids Saturated fats: All carbon atoms are bonded to two hydrogen atoms Solid at room temperature Animals fats

28 Lipids Unsaturated Fats: Some carbon atoms are linked by a double bond with only one hydrogen atom Liquid at room temperature Plant oils, olive oil, fish oils

29 Lipid Structure

30 Nucleic Acids Form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together

31 Nucleic Acids Phosphate group Sugar group Base
Nucleotides consists of 3 parts Phosphate group Sugar group Base

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34 Nucleic Acids Elements: Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O) Nitrogen (N) Phosphorus (P)

35 Nucleic Acids Carry genetic(heritable) information.
Function Carry genetic(heritable) information. Used to make proteins.

36 Nucleic Acids Examples DNA DeoxyriboNucleicAcid RNA RiboNucleicAcid

37 Nucleic Acids Other The order of Nucleotides is important
Change the order, change the genetic information.

38 Nucleic Acid Structure
(Bases: Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, Thymine; Uracil)

39 Nucleic Acid Structure

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