1. Muslims, Christians, and Jews
Ms. Baquedano

2. Recap
The Crusades: a series of religious wars started by European Christians to reclaim Jerusalem and other areas
Muslim lands started to grow
Christians felt this land belonged to them 

3. Muslims Advance 
Seljuk Turks began to take land from Byzantines, Spain, and all of Northern Africa
Christians saw this spread and worried about Jerusalem
(Remember, during this time, Christians would go on pilgrimages to holy sites for healing or spiritual growth)

4. Jerusalem
Jerusalem is sacred to all three big monotheistic faiths: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
Judaism: site of ancient holy temple
Christianity: Site where Jesus was believed to have been crucified
Islam: site where Muhammad had his Night Journey 

5. Start of Crusades
Seljuks took land close to the Constantinople, Byzantine capital
Byzantines asked pope for help, promised heaven to soldiers and built an army

6. First Crusade Lasted 3 years
Christians took Syrian land and eventually Jerusalem
Killed most of the survivors and sold others into slavery 

7. Second crusade Lasted two years Muslims took a northern Syrian city
Muslims banded together and defeated the Christians 

8. THIRD CRUSADE
Rising in power, Sultan Salah-al-Din united the Muslim and took Jerusalem
King Richard took some land back and arranged to exchange prisoners
King Richard ultimately killed the 2,700 prisoners while waiting
Peace treaty was signed: all christians pilgrims would be let in, Muslims would keep lands 

9. Children's crusade 
In 1212, thousands of peasant children were marched from France and Germany 
Part of a larger group of poor nomads who wanted to go to the Holy Land
Some were sold into slavery, others were lost 

10. Reconquista Launched by Spanish Christians to retake Spanish land
Umayyad Empire in Spain made non-Muslims pay a tax 
Spanish forces began to wage war on Umayyads
Started the Spanish Inquisition: questioning Jews and Muslim who converted
Tortured many people
Expelled them from Spain
Executed and burned many non-Christians