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Ch. 15 – Simple, Compound,
and Complex Sentences
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Opening Activity
Identify the following sentences as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.
Although he just worked out, Tran left the gym and he stopped for a hamburger.
Tran left the gym and he stopped for a hamburger.
Tran left the gym.
Although he just worked out, he stopped for a hamburger.
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Answers
Identify the following sentences as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.
Although he just worked out, Tran left the gym and he stopped for a hamburger. COMPOUND-COMPLEX
Tran left the gym and he stopped for a hamburger. COMPOUND
Tran left the gym. SIMPLE
Although he just worked out, he stopped for a hamburger. COMPLEX
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Learning Outcomes
By the time you finish reading and studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Recognize and correctly use
LO1 Simple Sentences
LO2 Simple Sentences with Compound Subjects
LO3 Simple Sentences with Compound Predicates
L04 Compound Sentences
L05 Complex Sentences
L06 Complex Sentences with Relative Clauses
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5. Simple Sentences Simple sentence - a subject and a predicate that
together form a complete thought
The subject is a noun or pronoun that names what the sentence is about.
The predicate tells what the subject does or is.
Brandy cowered.
Connie sped.
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Simple Sentences
Modifiers - words that modify the subject and answer the adjective questions: which, what kind of, how many, how much.
My scared neighbor cowered.
Direct object – a noun or pronoun that follows a verb and receives its action
She ate cereal.
Indirect Object - a noun or pronoun that comes between a verb and a direct object, telling to whom or for whom an action is done
My boyfriend gave me the necklace.
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7. Simple Sentences with Compound Subjects
A simple sentence can have a compound subject
Compound subject - two or more subjects in a simple sentence
One subject: Minnie wanted to look at dresses.
Two subjects: Minnie and Deborah wanted to look at dresses.
Three subjects: Minnie, Deborah, and Ann wanted to look at dresses.
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8. Simple Sentences with Compound Predicates
A simple sentence can also have two or more predicates.
Compound predicate - two or more predicates in a simple sentence
One predicate: The police officer yelled.
Two predicates: The police officer yelled and whistled.
Three predicates: The police officer yelled, whistled, and ran.
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Compound Sentences
Compound sentence - two or more simple sentences joined with a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, so, or yet)
Two sentences: The poodle played and the poodle jumped.
Three sentences: The poodle played, the poodle jumped, and the poodle sprinted.
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Complex Sentences
Complex sentence - a sentence with one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses
You can create a complex sentence by placing a subordinating conjunction before the sentence that is less important.
Common subordinating conjunctions:
after before so that when
although even though that where
as though if whereas
After the movie started, I decided I wanted popcorn.
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Complex Sentences
Compound-complex sentence - a sentence with two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses
Simple sentence: The humidity is high.
Compound sentence: The humidity is high and the summer temperature frequently exceeds 100 degrees.
Compound-complex sentence: While Atlanta is a lovely place to live, the humidity is high and the summer temperature frequently exceeds degrees.
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12. Complex Sentences with Relative Clauses
Relative pronoun - a word (that, which, who, whom) that relates a relative clause with another word in the sentence
Relative clause - a group of words that begins with a relative pronoun (that, which, who, whom) and includes a verb, but cannot stand alone as a sentence
This is the hand-woven rug that we purchased at the mall.
We really like the rug, which is handmade.
Amy, who sold us the rug, said the rug took six months to produce by hand.
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Closing Activity
Transform the following simple sentence into compound, complex, and compound- complex sentences.
Mr. Gomez taught Spanish. SIMPLE
__________________ COMPOUND
__________________ COMPLEX
__________________ COMPOUND-COMPLEX
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Answers
Transform the following simple sentence into compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences.
Mr. Gomez taught Spanish. SIMPLE
Mr. Gomez taught Spanish and he taught English. COMPOUND
Although he majored in Chemistry, Mr. Gomez taught Spanish. COMPLEX
Although he majored in Chemistry, Mr. Gomez taught Spanish and he taught English. COMPOUND-COMPLEX
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