1. Chapter 2: Studying Geography, Economics, and Citizenship

2. Lesson 1: Studying Geography
How does geography influence the way people live?

3. Displaying the Earth’s Surface
Globe
Map

4. Hemispheres Northern and Southern Eastern and Western Equator
Prime Meridian

5. Longitude and Latitude
Parallel to Equator (0°)
Measures North and South
Longitude
Parallel to the Prime Meridian (0°)
Measures East and West

6. Globes to Maps Maps distort what the earth really looks like
Multiple map projections that show the Earth on a flat sheet of paper

7. Shows true shape and size

8. Shows true projection and shape Does not show correct size or distance
Mercator Projection
Shows true projection and shape
Does not show correct size or distance

9. East and West sides look bigger
Robinson Projection
East and West sides look bigger

10. Winkle Triple

11. The Five Themes of Geography
Location
Place
Human-environment interaction
Movement
Regions

12. Six Essential Elements of Geography
The world in spatial terms
Looking at what is around you
Places and regions
Location
Physical Systems
Landforms, weather, plants and animals
Human Systems
How people shape their world
Environment and society
The relationship between people and the environment
The uses of geography
Helps us understand the relationships among people, places, and environments

13. Types of Maps
Political Map
Physical Map

14. Reading Maps Symbols Be aware of signs and pictures Scale
A line that tells you the distance represented in a map
Cardinal directions
Compass rose

15. Using Charts, Graphs, and Diagrams
Show data in an organized way
Graphs
Various types: bar, circle, line
Diagrams
Special drawings

16. How Do Geographers Study Population and Culture?
How many people live in a specific area or place
Cloropleth
A special map that shows population

17. Take 2-3 minutes to write down what you think and give examples
What is culture?
Take 2-3 minutes to write down what you think and give examples

18. May change due to migration
Culture
A set of beliefs, behaviors, and traits shared by the members of a group
Language, religion, government, and customs
May change due to migration

20. Practicing Citizenship
Why do people form governments?

21. Vocabulary Representative government Federal system
Citizens vote for officials
Officials act in our interest
Federal system
Central government
Separation of powers
Three equal branches
Check and balances
Legislative branch
Executive branch
Judicial branch

22. What is citizenship? Rights of Citizenship
The Seven Dynamics of Citizenship
The right to seek life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
Freedom of expression
Freedom of religion
Right to a fair trial by a jury of their peers
Right to vote and choose leaders
Duties and Responsibilities of Citizenship
Pay taxes
Obey laws
Serve on a jury
Defend the country
Understanding issues
Respect others
Service

23. Naturalization
Naturalization for Kids and Teens

24. How can we help others around the world? Write down some ideas.
Global Citizenship
How can we help others around the world?
Write down some ideas.