1. Unit 1I Enlightenment: Political Philosophy and Absolutism
EQ: What is the Purpose or Responsibility of Government

2. Ideas About Life, Humans, and Government
Philosopher
Thomas
Hobbes
John
Locke
Baron De
Montesquieu
Jean-Jacques
Rousseau
Ideas About Life, Humans, and Government
Social Contract
Absolute Monarchy
Limited Government
Revolution
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Representative Democracy
Preferred Direct Democracy
Writings
Leviathan
Two treatises on Gov.
Spirit of the Laws
Legacy and Influences
Absolutism
Declaration of Ind.
U.S. Constitution
French Revolution

3. Absolutism in France: Louis XIV “Sun King”
Ruled from
Banned the Estates-General
Overruled the Edict of Nantes
Controlled taxes, the military, and business
Plunged France into debt by fighting expensive wars against England

4. The Palace at Versailles

5. Holy Roman Empire

6. Absolutism in Germany: Frederick the Great
Ruled Prussia from
Strengthened the Army and fought wars of expansion
“First Servant of the State”
More freedom of speech and religion
Would be known as “The Great” because of expansions

7. Absolutism in Germany: Maria Theresa
Ruled from
Member of the Habsburg Dynasty
Set up schools and tried to improve the living conditions of the serfs
Medieval peasants tied to the land
Son Joseph II would take over
Freed the serfs and made land taxes equal

8. HaBsburg Dynasty Under Charles V

9. Absolutism in Russia: Peter the Great
Ruled from
Looked to France rather than England for inspiration
Made himself head of the Russian Orthodox Church
Reformed the government and brought in experts to “Westernize” Russia
Warred against Sweden for access to Baltic sea where he created St. Petersburg the new Russian capital.

10. Russian Expansion

11. Absolutism in Russia: Catherine the Great
German princess who ruled Russia from
Expanded Russian Territory
Influenced by the Enlightenment
Attempted to free Serfs but changed mind after a serf revolt
Last of Europe’s major absolute monarchs