1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology
Introduction Video

2. Anatomy – branch that deals with structure of body parts Physiology – branch that deals with function of parts

3. Prefixes/Suffixes to Memorize (p. 2)
Append– to hang
Dors– back
-tomy cutting
Homeo– same
Cardi– heart
Peri– around
Cran– helmet
Meta– change
Pleur– Lungs/Ribs
-ology study of
Pariet wall

4. Anatomical Position

5. Anatomical Terms

6. Characteristics of Life (p. 5)
Movement – internal and external
Responsiveness – senses change and reacts
Growth – increase in body size
Reproduction – make new individuals
Respiration – use oxygen
Digestion – breaks down food
Absorption – sub. pass thru membranes
Circulation – movement within body
Assimilation – changes sub. into various forms
Excretion – removal of waste

7. Life requires… Water – most abundant chemical in the body
Food – energy source
Oxygen – drives metabolic rates
Heat – form of energy
Pressure – atmosphere vs. hydrostatic

8. Life requires…
metabolism – physical and chemical changes that occur within body parts
vital signs – observable body functions that reflect metabolic Activities…indicates something is alive!
(body temp., blood pressure, pulse, breathing)
homeostasis – environmental factors may change, but the internal environment remains stable/constant
(Ex: body temp = 98.6°F or 37°C)

9. 11 Body Systems (p.13)
Integumentary – SKIN, HAIR, NAILS (protection/diffusion)
Skeletal – BONES, CARTILAGE, LIGAMENTS (support/movement)
Muscular – Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth (movement/posture)
Nervous – brain, spinal cord, nerves (stimulus/Response)
Endocrine – glands, hormones (metabolism)
Cardiovascular – Heart, blood vessels (blood transport)
Lymphatic – lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen (transport)
Digestive – stomach, intestines, esophagus (absorption)
Respiratory – nasal cavity, lungs, trachea (exchange of gases)
Urinary – bladder, kidneys, urethra (elimination of wastes)
Reproductive – testes, ovaries (continuation of species)

10. Levels of Organization (p. 4) (simplest to most complex)
Atoms – microscopic particles (simplest)
Molecules – 2 or more atoms bonded
Macromolecules – small molecules combined
Organelles – aggregates of macromolecules used to carry out specific functions in cells
Cells – basic living unit (contains organelles)
Tissues – Groups of Cells
Organs – Groups of Tissues
Organ systems – Groups of Organs
Organism – Organ systems functioning together

11. Fig. 1.3

12. Table 1.1

13. Relative Positional Terms
Superior – above
Inferior – below
Posterior/Dorsal – Back
Anterior/Ventral – Front
Medial – closer to midline
Lateral – towards the side
Proximal – body part closer to point of attachment
to trunk
distal – body part farther from the point of
attachment to Trunk
Superficial – near the skin
Deep – further away from the skin
Anatomical Terms Video

14. Anatomical Terms

15. Interactive Review
Anatomical Terms

16. Axial vs. Appendicular Axial – includes head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular – includes upper and lower limbs

17. Body Planes/Cuts Sagittal – divided into unequal right/left halves
Mid-sagittal (median) – divided into equal right/left halves
Coronal/Frontal – divided into front/back halves
Transverse – divided into upper/lower halves

18. Body Planes/Cuts (p.15)

19. p. 15

20. Body Cavities (p. 9)

21. Major Body Cavities Dorsal Cavity – located along back-side (cranial &
Spinal/Vertebral cavity)
Cranial Cavity – contains the brain
Spinal/vertebral Cavity – Contains the spinal cord
Ventral Cavity – located along front-side (thoracic &
abdominopelvic Cavity)
Thoracic Cavity – Contains the lungs & Heart
Pleura Cavity – Contains the Lungs
Pericardial cavity – Contains the Heart
Abdominal Cavity – Contains the Stomach, liver, spleen,
gallbladder, kidneys, & intestines
Pelvic Cavity – contains bladder & reproductive organs
Abdominopelvic cavity – Abdominal & Pelvic Cavity

22. diaphragm – thin muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
mediastinum – separates thoracic cavity into right and left sides (Right & Left Lung)

23. Thoracic & Abdominopelvic Membranes (p.10)
Parietal - membrane attached to wall of cavity
Visceral - membrane that is deeper; covers internal organ
Pericardial = membrane around heart
Peritoneal = membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity
Example:
Parietal Pleura – covers Walls of Right & Left Thoracic Cavity
Visceral Pleura – Covers the lungs

24. Anatomical Terms

25. Regions of Abdominal Area

26. Regions of Abdominal Area