1. HIV/AID and STD’s
Unit 5

2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
WHAT IS IT?
Weakens immune system
Destroys important cells that fight disease
CD4 Cells or T cells
No cure-but it can be controlled
AIDS is the last stage of HIV
People at High Risk
Men who have sex with men
Drug Injection Users
Heterosexuals (Everyone)

4. 3 Stages of HIV Stage 1: Acute HIV infection
2-4 weeks flu-like illness
May not feel sick right away
Need to get tested
Stage 2: Clinical Latency (HIV inactivity or dormancy)
May not get sick or have symptoms
Taking ART-can prolong this stage
Still contagious
Stage 3: AIDS
Most severe stage
Without treatment-live about 3 years
Diagnosed when CD4 cells are below 200 cells/mm (normal )

5. Transmitting HIV Sexual Contact Sharing Needles
Can be Transmitted
CANNOT be Transmitted
Sexual Contact
Sharing Needles
Mother to Baby- during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding.
Air or Water
Saliva, Sweat, Tears or Closed mouth kissing
Insects or Pets
Sharing Toilets food or Drinks

6. Protect Yourself Get tested if you are at risk
Use condoms the right way every time you have sex
Choose activities with little or no risk-oral sex
Limit your number of sex partners
Don’t inject drugs or share needles
Get tested and treated for HIV and other STD’s

7. Treatment No cure Medicine-antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Taken everyday can prolong the lives of people infected with HIV
If treated immediately a person with HIV can live nearly as long as someone who does not have the disease
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
Daily medicine that can reduce risk of getting HIV
Can stop HIV from taking hold and spreading in the body.
PrEP

8. The Facts
HIV and AIDS remain a persistent problem for the United States
In ,600 new HIV infections
Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men have greatest risk
26,200 out of 37,600
1.1 million people living with HIV (2015)

9. Sexually Transmitted Disease
An infection transmitted through sexual contact, caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites
Very Common
Some people don’t have symptoms
Can be dangerous
Most can be treated
Pubic Lice
Scabies
Human papillomavirus infection (HPV)
Genital Herpes
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
HIV/AIDS
Syphilis
Genital Warts
Hepatitis B
Molluscum Contagiosum
Trichomoaniasis (Trich)

10. Human Papilomavirus (HPV)- What is it?
Most common sexually transmitted infection
Many different types of HPV
Some cause genital warts and cancers
Almost everyone who has sex gets HPV at some point in their lives.
Two types of HPV (type 6 & 11) cause most cases of genital warts and cancer
Warts are low-risk HPV

11. HPV-How is it Spread?
Having vaginal, anal or oral sex with someone who has the virus.
Can spread with skin to skin contact (no sex)
Can be passed even when an infected person has no symptoms

12. HPV-Symptoms Most people don’t have symptoms or health problems
Genital warts
Small bumps
Large
Raised
Shaped like cauliflower
Flat
Cancer
High-risk HPV- No symptoms
Low-risk HPV-warts

13. HPV-Treatment No cure Usually goes away on its own
Most people never know they have HPV
Most of the time your body can fight off the disease
Women can get tested with a Pap test
**Even if you don’t have symptoms you can still pass HPV to partner**

14. HPV-Prevent Get vaccinated No sex Use Condoms Dental Dams
All boys and girls 11-12
No sex
Use Condoms
Dental Dams
Get checked regularly

15. Human Papilomavirus (HPV)-Review
Extremely Common
Usually Harmless
Can lead to cancer and genital warts
Goes away by itself
More than 100 types
No cure
Have vaccines
Condoms and dental dams don’t offer protection
Transmitted through skin to skin contact.
Even if you don’t have sex it can be transmitted
Most people don’t know they have it.
Pap test will detect if you have it

16. Herpes Infects Mouth and/or genitals Blistery sores No Cure
Symptoms are treatable
Stays in your body for life

17. Herpes A common virus that causes sores on your genitals and/or mouth.
They can be painful
Usually does not lead to a serious health problem

18. Herpes- How does is Spread
Through vaginal, anal or oral sex with someone who has the disease
Saliva
Skin
You can get it from someone who does not have a visible sore or may not know he/she is infected.
Kissing
Spreads easy and quickly

19. Herpes-How does it Spread?
It can live in your body for years without causing any symptoms
Sneaky infection
You cannot get from (Dies in air)
Toilet seats
Bedding
Swimming pools
Touching items around (silverware, soap or towels)
Sneezing
Hugging
Holding hands

20. Herpes- Treatment No cure for Herpes
Medications-help outbreaks (shorter, less painful)
If you have an outbreak
Taking a warm bath
Keeping you genital area dry
Wear soft lose clothing
Put ice on outbreak
Taking a pain reliever (aspirin, ibuprofen)

21. Herpes-Prevent Use condoms Dental dams Don’t have sex
Herpes can live on areas of your body that aren’t protected by condoms
Condoms won’t always always protects you from herpes.
Can lower your chances of getting herpes

22. Herpes-Review Common virus that causes sores Can be painful
Spread quickly and easily
No cure
They can be passed even if no symptoms are shown
Only want to prevent is not to have sex
ALWAYS USE A CONDOM ALWAYS

23. Chlamydia-What is it? Common STD that can infect men and women
Bacterial infection
If left untreated, it can make it difficult for women to get pregnant
Close to 3 million Americans get it every year
Most common year-olds
Most people don’t show any symptoms

24. Chlamydia-How does is Spread?
Having Vaginal, anal or oral sex with someone who has chlamydia
Can get if even if male does not ejaculate
If you had it in the past and were not treated, you can still get infected
If you are pregnant you can give it to your baby during childbirth

25. Chlamydia-Symptoms Chlamydia usually has no symptoms
Can lead to serious infections or even infertility if not treated
Pain or burning while peeing
Pain during sex
Lower stomach pain
Abnormal vaginal discharge (yellowish, strong smell)
Bleeding between periods
Pus or a watery/milky discharge from the penis
Swollen or tender testicles
Pain, discharge and/or bleeding around the anus

26. Chlamydia-Review Very common STD Caused by bacterial infection
Often no symptoms
Easy to treat
Can lead to major health problems if not treated
Only sure way to prevent is not to have sex
USE CONDOMS

27. Gonorrhea-What is it? Common bacterial infection
Most people don’t show symptoms
Common for people ages years.
Called “the clap” or “the drip”
It can infect your penis, vagina, cervix, anus, urethra, throat (eyes- rare)
If not treated can cause serious health problems

28. Gonorrhea-How does it Spread?
Having vaginal, anal or oral sex
It is carried in the semen, pre-semen and vaginal fluids
You can get gonorrhea by touching your eye if you have infected fluids on your hand
Can be spread to baby during birth
Can’t get it through casual contact (sharing food, drinks, kissing hugging, holding hands, coughing, sneezing, toilet seats)

29. Gonorrhea-Symptoms Most people don’t have any symptoms
Show up a week after being infected
Women
Pain or burning feeling when you pee
Abnormal discharge from vagina
Bleeding between periods
Men
Yellow, white or green discharge from penis
Pain or burning feeling when you pee
Pain or swelling in your testicles
Can infect anus if you have anal sex
Itching in or around anus
Discharge from your anus
Pain when you go to bathroom

31. The correct way to use a male condom
Use it EVERY time you have sex
Put it on BEFORE having sex
Read the package for expiration date
Check for tears or defects
Store in cool, dry place
Use latex or polyurethane condoms
Use water based or silicone-based lubricant to prevent breakage.