1. HTS Workshop: Evidence
Using Documents in an Essay

2. Using Documents in an Essay (Notes, write this)
Remember H.I.P.P.O? This is a strategy for analyzing primary sources.
O-rganization
Employing H.I.P.P to support an argument in a DBQ
You must use H.I.P.P for every document given in a DBQ—along with outside information—to validate your argument

3. Using Documents in an Essay (Notes, write this too)
There are two ways to cite documents:
1. Using the source directly
Reference with “quotes”
Label the document (Doc 1) at the end of the quote
2. Using the general idea of the document
Paraphrase the content, no quotes needed
Label the document (Doc 1) at the end of the sentence

4. Practicing the skill (You do not have to write this)
Directions: Study the example prompt and document (next slide) about the causes of the War of 1812, along with the explanation of the document’s point of view. The example demonstrates how the document is organized and employed to express the author’s point of view.
Example prompt: “In 1812, America went to war to resolve issues beyond its maritime rights.”
Support, refute, or modify this statement.

5. Practicing the skill: (You do not have to write this) Document 1
Example prompt: “In 1812, America went to war to resolve issues beyond its maritime rights.”
Support, refute, or modify this statement.
Source: Felix Grundy, Annals of Congress, 12th Congress, 1811
For my part I am not prepared to say that this country shall submit to have her commerce interdicted or regulated by any foreign nation. Sir, I prefer war to submission.
Over and above these unjust pretensions of the British Government, for many years past they have been in the practice of impressing our seamen, from merchant vessels; this unjust and lawless invasion of personal liberty calls loudly for the interposition of this Government.

6. Practicing the skill: (You do not have to write this) Document 1
Explanation of point of view:
By quoting Felix Grundy, a student can effectively establish his or her point of view that not only were America’s economic interests threatened by British action, but it’s honor and pride were injured too.

7. Practicing the skill: (You do not have to write this) Document 1
Possible use of document:
“In 1812, War Hawks such as Felix Grundy had had enough of British interference with United States shipping. These actions not only caused economic hardships, but also wounded America’s pride. Grundy joined many in Congress in advocating war to solve the problem (Doc 1).”

8. Practicing the skill: (You do not have to write this) Document 1
Possible use of document:
“In 1812 Felix Grundy made it clear that America would not allow its ‘commerce interdicted or regulated by any foreign nation.’ The action not only hurt America economically, but was also an ‘unjust and lawless invasion of personal liberty’ and made some Americans ‘prefer war to submission’ (Doc. 1).”

9. Applying the Skill (Write this)
Exercise Prompt: “The Monroe Doctrine was designated to protect not only the Western Hemisphere but American nationalism as well.”
Support, refute, or modify this statement.

10. Applying the Skill: (You do not have to write this) Document 2
Exercise Prompt: “The Monroe Doctrine was designated to protect not only the Western Hemisphere but American nationalism as well.”
Support, refute, or modify this statement.
Source: John Quincy Adams, Memoirs, Philadelphia, 1875
The object of Canning appears to have been to obtain some public pledge from the government of the United States, ostensibly against the forcible interference of the Holy Alliance between Spain and South America; but really or especially against the acquisition to the United States themselves of any part of the Spanish American possessions… [.] By joining with her, therefore, in her proposed declaration, we give her a substantial and perhaps inconvenient pledge against ourselves and really obtain nothing in return.

11. Applying the Skill: (You do not have to write this) Document 2
Draft a brief response to the prompt (two or three sentences) using the entire idea of the document to capture Adams’ point of view.
Next, draft a brief response using several quotes from the document to capture Adam’s point of view.