1. Africa
The Plateau Continent

2. Physical Features Much of central Africa is a high, dry plateau
Sahara – world’s largest desert
Nile River – longest river in the world
Lake Victoria – world’s second largest freshwater lake

3. Sahara Desert

4. Process where grasslands change to desert through overgrazing, drought, and over cultivation
Desertification:

5. 4 million year old fossils of human ancestors have been found here.
Great Rift Valley
This valley is a fault – a crack in the earth’s crust that is 3,000 miles long and has many lakes and volcanoes in the area, including Mt. Kenya.
4 million year old fossils of human ancestors have been found here.

6. Mount Kilimanjaro 19,341 feet above sea level
Largest mountain in Africa
Is a dormant volcano with 3 cones

7. Savanna
– broad grassland with few trees

8. Climate Zones What landform dominates Northern Africa?
What is the climate type found along the equator?

9. Rainy SEason

10. Population Density Largest Cities: Cairo, Egypt Lagos, Nigeria
Where is most of the population concentrated?
2. What patterns do you notice?

11. The Tourism in Tanzania
Mwanza
Zanzibar
Ngorongoro Crater

12. Economic Activity
Which natural resources are the biggest sources of fighting?
What are the top 2 uses of land in most of Africa?
What land use is the least common in Africa?

13. Workers Pan For Diamonds

14. Ancient Rulers

15. Languages of Africa
Niger-Congo: spoken by one out of every two Africans, spread by Bantu migrations
Afro-Asiatic: second-most-spoken on the continent, mainly in North Africa
Nilo-Saharan: western bend of the Niger River through the Sahel region into parts of east Africa
Khoisan: smallest number, found in Southern Africa, known as “the click languages”
Because there is usually such a wide variety of languages spoken in one country, trade languages, such as Swahili, Hausa, Fulani, and Creole have developed for cross-cultural communication.

16. Countries oF Africa 54 countries Largest: Algeria Smallest: Seychelles
At least 2,000 languages spoken in Africa
Swahili and Arabic are two of the most common languages

17. European Colonialism
Africa was divided up by 8 countries in Europe during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Europeans wanted power and strategic advantage, exploited the resources of Africa, established settlements, and converted Africans to Christianity.
In general, Europeans took what they wanted from Africa with very little concern about the quality of life for Africans.

18. African Independence
Africans fought European imperialism since its beginnings.
Many Africans resented European presence.
Africans desired self-rule because they were generally treated as second-class citizens by Europeans.
The World Wars also demonstrated that Europeans were imperfect and raised questions about European racism.

19. African Independence
In 1945, many prominent leaders of Africa met in Manchester, England and drafted a resolution as an appeal to their colonial powers and a warning of what would come if this appeal was ignored.
By 1960, Africa had 27 independent states. That number grew to 39 six years later, and the number became 47 by 1975.

20. Tribal traditions Social life revolves around the extended family.
Extended families are linked to clans, kin groups, and tribes.
Religion and language is closely tied to the group that one joins by birth.

21. Agriculture Africa is largely a rural continent.
Many young Africans are moving to the cities to find work, however, many Africans stay in the rural villages and practice subsistence farming and livestock raising.

22. Religion
46 % are Christian (mainly in West, East, Central, and Southern Africa)
40% are Muslim (mainly in North and West Africa)
Over 100 million practice indigenous religions

23. Animism
Animism is the belief that there is no separation between the spiritual and physical world – that all things have souls such as animals, plants, rocks, rivers, and all land and water forms.
Examples of Animism can
be found in forms of Shinto,
Hinduism, Buddhism,
Pantheism, Paganism,
and Neopaganism religions.