1. Important Information
TODAY IS THE LAST DAY TO RETAKE LAST WEEK’S QUIZ
BINDER CHECK ON MONDAY!
TEST ON TUESDAY!

2. Government Corruption in the Second Half of the 19th Century
Objective 5.04

3. Video Questions
No sleeping
No talking
No cell phones/music 

5. Scandals of Grant’s Administration
Credit Mobilier Scandal (1872)
It was a construction company owned by Union Pacific stockholders. The company accepted cash bribes by gov’t officials and the company made a fortune.

6. RRs often built with the help of government grants
Congressmen were given shares at low prices in return for more grants
Leaked to the press
Caused investigation of those involved including future President Garfield

7. Whiskey Ring Scandal (1875)
Began in St. Louis. Conspiracy that diverted TAX money from liquor to people in the “ring” instead of government. Millions of dollars for those involved before it was put down. Another black market on the Republican party.

8. Urban Corruption Political Machines and Party Bosses
Informal political groups; prospered due to cities growing faster than gov’ts
Run by party bosses
Provided jobs, food, housing, police and fire protection in exchange for votes

9. Bosses controlled finances and grew rich through graft—getting money by questionable means
Tammany Hall
Most famous machine
Corrupt leader 1860s/1870s—William “Boss” Tweed
Arrested for stealing millions through grafting

11. Thomas Nast Famous political cartoonist
Exposed corruption of Tweed and other urban politicians
Tweed hated him

12. Response to Corruption
Republicans split
Stalwarts: supported patronage (spoils system)
Halfbreeds: supported government reform

13. Election of 1880
Rutherford Hayes declines to run again
Mixed ticket for Republicans
Halfbreed—James Garfield for President
Stalwart—Chester Arthur for Vice President
Republicans win
Garfield assassinated by Charles Guiteau within a few months

14. Pendleton Act (1883)
Assassination creates more public opinion against patronage
Created Civil Service Commission—president chose federal jobs to filled according to rules

15. Candidate now compete for jobs through exams
Can’t be fired for political reasons
14,000 jobs under control of Civil Service
Government moves away from spoils system

16. Election of 1884
With Republicans split, Democrats see opening
Dem. nominate NY Governor Grover Cleveland
Opponent of Tammany Hall
Rep. nominate James Blaine
Corruption causes a look at personal moral of candidates

17. Blaine accused of involvement with Credit Mobilier Scandal
Hurt reputation
Cleveland had an illegitimate child. He told truth, anddidn’t really hurt.
“Mugwumps”—Rep. reformers who backed Cleveland

18. Cleveland wins! Had no support in Congress.
Election of 1888
Cleveland loses to Republican Benjamin Harrison
Harrison passes the McKinley Tariff Act (raises tariffs to their highest level yet)

19. Election of 1892
Cleveland wins- only President to serve two non-consecutive terms.
Tries to lower tariff but doesn’t…. spirit of reform will continue.

20. https://play.kahoot.it/#/k/be0bb195-2a14-412c-bc32-5a7c0da18e59