1. Section 2 – pg 392 Early Years of the War
Chapter 11

2. New Technology in the War
Pg 392
New Technology in the War
New weapons made the civil war
more deadly than previous wars
New rifles and cannons were more
accurate and had greater range
Could be loaded more quickly
Most generals stuck to tactics previously used: all-out charge of troops
The new weapons caused most soldiers to be cut down before even reaching the enemy

3. Pg 392 Both sides used ironclads
Warships covered with protective iron plates
Cannon fire bounced off these

4. Pg 393
The War in the East
After the Union’s defeat at Bull Run, Lincoln fired McDowell and put General George McClellan in command
Good organizer, but cautious
Trained soldiers for 7 months but did not
attack
Lincoln “If he does not want to use the
army, I would like to borrow it for a time”
March 1862, McClellan moved 100,000 soldiers by boat along Chesapeake Bay to peninsula south of Richmond
McClellan wanted more soldiers b/c Lincoln ordered 37,000 stay behind to guard Washington
McClellan stopped advance to ask for more troops
Even though the Confederates only had 15,000 troops

5. Pg 393
McClellan waited a month for reinforcements during which the Confederates brought more soldiers in
On May 31, 1862 Confederates stopped McClellan’s advance
In late June, he retreated
With Richmond no longer being threatened, Lee decided to invade the North
Hoped a victory on Northern soil would win support from Europe
In early September, Lee’s troops slipped into western Maryland
McClellan’s officer found paper with Lee’s battle plan

6. Pg 394
McClellan’s troops attacked Lee’s army at Antietam Creek on Sept 17, 1862
Bloodiest battle in Civil War
Union had 12,000 casualties
Confederates lost 14,000 men (1/3 its army)
Lee pulled back to Virginia
North claim victory to battle b/c Lee retreated

7. Pg 394
The War in the West
While McClellan was moving cautiously in the east, Union armies went on attack in the west
General Ulysses S. Grant led the most successful armies
Made advances in 1862 and seized control of the Mississippi River
February 1862, moved army south from Kentucky and took Fort Henry on the Tennessee River and Captured Fort Donelson on Cumberland River

8. Pg 395
Thanks to Grant, two water routes were open into Confederate territory
Grant’s army continued south along the Tennessee River towards Corinth, Mississippi, an important railroad center
Before they arrived, were attacked by Albert Sydney Johnston
Surprised on April 6, 1862 at Shiloh Church
Battle of Shiloh cost the
South 11,000 men and the
North 13,000
Union got control of
railroad center and gained
control of western
Tennessee and part of the
Mississippi River

9. Pg 395
Two weeks later, a Union fleet commanded by David Farragut entered the Mississippi River from the Gulf of Mexico
April 26, captured New Orleans
By Summer, the Union had control of the entire river