1. 19.2 THE WAR IN THE EAST

2. The first major battle- The First Battle of Bull Run- took place in July 1861. Occurred near Manassas Junction, Virginia, about 30 miles from Washington, D.C. TWO ARMIES MEET

3.  The Battle  Union troops drove back the left side of the Confederate line.  A Confederate unit, led by General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson, held firm.  Other Confederates were inspired and heartened by Jackson’s example.  Southern reinforcements arrived, and the Union army retreated in defeat.  The First Battle of Bull Run ruined Union hopes of a quick and easy war. http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run TWO ARMIES MEET

4.  Union general George B. McClellan led troops into Virginia but waited too long to attack; gave the Confederates time to strengthen Richmond’s defenses.  McClellan took Yorktown in early May, and fighting occurred near Richmond. MORE BATTLES IN VIRGINIA

5.  Robert E. Lee  Placed in charge of the Confederate Army in Virginia in June 1862  Was a West Point graduate and one of the most talented officers on either side  Opposed slavery and secession but remained loyal to Virginia and the South MORE BATTLES IN VIRGINIA

6.  The Seven Days’ Battle  Lee attacked McClellan’s forces to drive them from Richmond, and the two armies clashed in five battles during late June and early July of 1862.  Union- nearly 16,000 casualties; Confederacy- more than 20,000 casualties  Union army was forced to retreat from Richmond. MORE BATTLES IN VIRGINIA

7.  Confederates defeated the Union at Second Battle of Bull Run in August 1862.  By the end of August, Lee had pushed most of the Union forces out of Virginia. MORE BATTLES IN VIRGINIA

8.  Invasion of the North  In September 1862 Lee led Confederate forces into Maryland- Union territory.  Hoped a victory on northern soil would break the Union’s spirit and European powers to aid the South  Union soldiers found a copy of Lee’s battle plan and were able to prepare. THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM

9.  Occurred on September 17, 1862, near Antietam Creek in Maryland  Key Union victory and the bloodiest single-day battle of the war  Union- more than 12,000 casualties; Confederacy- more than 13,000 casualties THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM

10. BURNSIDE BRIDGE

15.  Results  Stopped the Confederate army’s northward advance and cost Lee many troops  Lincoln removed General McClellan, who had allowed Lee to retreat to Virginia THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM

16.  Union Control of the Sea  North had most of the U.S. Navy’s fleet plus the industry to build more ships.  Union navy had trouble blockading thousands of miles of southern coastline.  South used small, fast ships called blockade runners to get through the blockade. THE WAR AT SEA

17.  A New Kind of Ship  South captured a Union ship and made an ironclad, a ship armored with iron.  The Confederate ironclad, renamed the Virginia, easily sank two Union ships.  The Union navy, however, had already built its own ironclad, the Monitor.  The two ships met in an inconclusive battle in March 1862. THE WAR AT SEA

18. Blockade RunnerShips of the Civil War