1. Focus on the Perfect Tense

2. What are the verb tenses?
Verbs do a lot of work in sentences. They show actions and states of being. They even take different forms to show time.
flies
flew
will fly

3. What are the verb tenses?
The tense of a verb indicates the time of the action or state of being expressed by the verb.
Perfect tenses indicate that something happened or existed before a specific point in time.
Past
Present
Future
Past
Future
Present
Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Future Perfect
She will have played in ten concerts by April.
She has played in the band for three years.
Gwen will play in a concert tomorrow.
She had played violin before then.
Gwen plays guitar in a jazz band.
Gwen played last year as well.

4. Present and present perfect
The present perfect tense
shows an action that happened at an indefinite time in the past
is usually formed using the helping verb have or has plus the past participle
Mike has been in several parades.
He has played the drum in all of them.

5. What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present perfect tense is also used to express an action or state of being that began in the past and continues into the present. In this case, perfect means complete.
Mr. Lee has taught music at our school since 2004.
(Progressive form)
Yoko has been taking flute lessons for six years.

6. What are the verb tenses? Past and past perfect
The past perfect tense
expresses an action or a state of being that ended before another past action or state of being occurred
is usually formed using had plus the past participle
After Maria had gone home, Kim was bored.
She asked her dad about the time that he had been a lifeguard at the beach.