1. Opener
Based on previous knowledge and Monday’s game, explain some specific reasons why you think countries in the early 1900s might go to war?

2. The Causes and Start of
World War I

3. M.A.I.N Causes of World War I
M=Militarism
A=Alliance system
I=Imperialism
N=Nationalism

4. M=Militarism is the aggressive preparation for war.
M.A.I.N Causes of
World War I
M=Militarism is the aggressive preparation for war.
Use of Conscription--or military draft--was common.
European armies doubled in size between

5. M.A.I.N Causes of World War I
A=Alliance system
Triple Alliance formed in 1882= Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
Triple Entente formed in 1907= France, Great Britain, and Russia
A crisis in the Balkans between 1908 and 1913 left the European states angry at each other and eager for revenge. They were willing to use war.

6. M.A.I.N Causes of World War I
I=Imperialism
the desire for colonies and a larger empire led to fierce rivalries and tense competition among European states for new colonies and markets.

7. M.A.I.N Causes of World War I
N=Nationalism--strong pride in one’s country, or a desire for ethnic independence.
Spurred European nations to extend their territory
awakened movements for independence among minor nationalities, such as the Serbs.

8. What do you think this means?
Causes of World War I
Tension was high in Europe, a “powder-keg waiting for a spark.”
What do you think this means?

9. The Serbian Problem
Tensions rose with Austria-Hungary and Russia fighting for domination of new states in Southeastern Europe.
1914, Serbia, supported by Russia, was determined to make an independent Slavic state in the Balkans.
Austria-Hungary was determined to prevent that from happening.

10. The Match
June 28, 1914, Archduke Francis Ferdinand, the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, and his wife Sophia, visited Sarajevo.
the Black Hand, a Serbian terrorist organization wanted Bosnia to be free of Austria-Hungary and join a Serbian kingdom.
That morning, a conspirator threw a bomb at the car, but missed.
Later that day, 19-year-old Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb, shot and killed both the Archduke and his wife.

11. Responses
Austria-Hungary sought revenge against Serbia, but feared Russia. So, they asked Germany for help.
July 23, 1914 Austria-Hungary sent an ultimatum to Serbia. To maintain their sovereignty, Serbia was forced to reject the ultimatum.
July 28 Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.
Czar Nicholas II, began to mobilize Russia’s army against Austria-Hungary. Seen as an act of war.
August 1, Germany declares war on Russia.

12. Serbian Ultimatum
Archduke Franz Ferdinand is Assassinated
Russia Mobilizes army
Militarism:
War prep, conscription
Nationalism:
Extreme pride in own nation
Alliances:
Triple alliance/entente
Imperialism:
More colonies=competition

13. Schlieffen Plan
General Alfred von Schlieffen a military strategy for Germany.
In the plan, Germany would have a small holding action on the Russian front while most of the German army would invade France.
After defeating France, Germany would then turn all resources onto Russia.
August 3, Germany declared war on France.
Belgium=neutral--Germans traveled through Belgium.
August 4, Great Britain declares war on Germany for breaking Belgium neutrality.
By August 4, all the great powers in Europe were at war.

14. The Fronts The Western Front Trench warfare stalemate “No-man’s-land”
War of Attrition
The Eastern Front
Mobility
Russia pushed back.

15. The War Widens Ottoman Empire enters on Germany’s side
Italy enters war on Allied side.
Japan=ally of Great Britain
United States enters the war.

16. WWI Technology
Planes and Tanks

17. WWI technology
Zeppelin

18. WWI technology
Flame throwers and Machine Guns

19. WWI technology
Submarine and poison gas

20. Opener Read the following poem and answer the questions next to it.
1. What are some of the jobs the poem says women have?
2. According to the poem, why do these women have these jobs?
3. Based on the poem, what kind of life did the women have before this?
4. What will happen to the women when the men come back?
There’s the girl who clips your ticket for the train,
and the girl who speeds the lift from the floor to floor,
There’s the girl who does a milk-round in the rain,
And the girl who calls for orders at your door.
Strong, sensible, and fit,
They’re out to show their grit,
And tackle jobs with energy and knack.
No longer caged and penned up,
They’re going to keep their end up
Till the khaki soldier boys come marching back

21. The Home Front TOTAL WAR Increased Government power propaganda
Women and the workforce

22. The Last Year 2nd Battle of the Marne, 1917
Imperial Government of Germany collapses
Social Democrats and the Armistice
Revolutions in Germany and Austria-Hungary

23. Beginning of Peace Woodrow Wilson’s “Fourteen Points”
League of Nations
Paris Peace Conference
The “Big Four”

24. Treaty of Versailles Article 231=War Guilt Clause Reparations
Military and Territorial provisions of the treaty

25. A New Map of Europe
Before WWI After WWI

26. The Legacy of World War I
Almost 10 million military casualties
New inventions changed how future wars were fought.
Including: Planes, tanks, Flame throwers, submarines, trench warfare, machine guns, poison gas.