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April 26, 2017 Journal: How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related to each other?
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Energy Transfer in Ecosystems
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energy flows through ecosystems nutrients can only cycle
Ecosystem inputs biosphere energy flows through ecosystems nutrients cycle nutrients can only cycle inputs energy nutrients
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Energy flows through ecosystems
sun producers (plants) loss of energy secondary consumers (carnivores) primary consumers (herbivores)
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sun Level 4 Food chains Tertiary consumer Trophic levels: a position an organism occupies in a food chain Food chains show feeding relationships start with energy from the sun which is captured by plants 1st level of all food chains food chains usually go up only 4 or 5 levels all levels connect to decomposers top carnivore Level 3 Secondary consumer carnivore Level 2 Primary consumer heterotrophs herbivore Level 1 Producer autotrophs Fungi Decomposers Bacteria
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energy lost to daily living
sun The Cost of Living Organisms use energy just by being alive. Only some of this energy can be passed on to the next level of the food chain. 17% growth energy lost to daily living only this energy moves on to the next level in the food chain 33% Changing your food into usable energy 50% waste (feces)
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Inefficiency of energy transfer
Energy is also lost to the environment between levels of food chain as heat
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Ecological Energy Pyramid
sun Ecological Energy Pyramid Only 10% of energy is transferred between levels of a food chain can feed fewer animals in each level Numbers 1 100 100,000 1,000,000,000
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Food webs Food chains are linked together into food webs
Who eats whom? a species may weave into web at more than one level
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