1. Chapter 11: World War I

2. Section 1: Page #
The Great War Begins

3. Why and how did World War I begin in 1914?
Focus Question
Why and how did World War I begin in 1914?

4. Vocabulary
Entente
Militarism
Alsace/Lorraine
Ultimatum
Mobilize
Neutrality

5. Political Alliances within Europe

7. N…Nationalism (pride in ones’ own country) I…Industrial Revolution
Causes of World War I
M… Militarism
A…Alliances
I…Imperialism
N…Nationalism (pride in ones’ own country)
I…Industrial Revolution
A…Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary

8. Royalty in Europe British Royal Family
I. Queen Victoria of England was the Grandmother to:
-Kaiser Wilhem of
Germany
-George V of England
-Csar Nicholas of Russia
1. All three European Rulers
first cousins
2. By the end of World War I,
only George V of England
remained in power.
-Kaiser Wilhelm of
Germany was forced to
abdicate and leave
Germany (died in
Netherlands 1940)
Queen Victoria of England
-Csar Nicholas and immediate family shot/ killed by Communist forces under orders from V.I. Lenin
Kaiser Wilhem of Germany
King George V, England
Csar Nicholas of Russia

9. The Trenches of World War I

11. German Imperialism German Warships Under Full Steam
As these impressive ships engaged in battle exercises in 1907 suggest, Germany did succeed in building a large modern navy. But Britain was equally determined to maintain its naval superiority, and the spiraling arms race helped poison relations between the two countries.

15. Section 1 Board Questions
1. Who were the great powers in 1914 and why were they signing treaties pledging to defend one another?
2. Name the alliances just prior to WWI and which countries were on each?
3. Based on the map of Europe(1914), why would Germany worry about an alliance between France and Russia?
4. What nations started WWI as neutral though would later join the Central Powers?
5. Of the two main alliances prior to WWI, which one had a geographical and numerical advantage?
6. What was the German attitude with regards to becoming an economic and military powerhouse in Europe?
7. Why did Germany increase its naval fleet and how did Britain respond to this?
8. How did extreme nationalism affect Europe prior to WWI?
9. Why was the terrorist group "Unity or Death"or "Black Hand" against the visit by Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary to Sarajevo, Bosnia?
10. Why did Austria-Hungary declare war on Serbia on July 28, 1914?
11. How were Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany and Czar Nicholas of Russia related, and how were they related to Queen Victoria of England?
12. Describe the German Schlieffen military plan for WWI?
13. How was the impending war in Europe treated by the masses of people and promoted by the respective governments?
14. How did British diplomat Edward Grey view impending war in Europe?

16. Section 1 Board Questions
8. How did extreme nationalism affect Europe prior to WWI?
9. Why was the terrorist group "Unity or Death"or "Black Hand" against the visit by Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary to Sarajevo, Bosnia?
10. Why did Austria-Hungary declare war on Serbia on July 28, 1914?
11. How were Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany and Czar Nicholas of Russia related, and how were they related to Queen Victoria of England?
12. Describe the German Schlieffen military plan for WWI?
13. How was the impending war in Europe treated by the masses of people and promoted by the respective governments?
14. How did British diplomat Edward Grey view impending war in Europe?

17. Section 2 Page #
A New Kind of War

18. How and where was World War I fought?
Focus Question
How and where was World War I fought?

19. Vocabulary
Stalemate
Zeppelin
U-boat
Convoy
Dardanelles
T.E. Lawrence

20. The rush to war…

21. French and German Attack Plans

23. The 1st Battle of the Marne
E. 1st Battle of the Marne 1. September Part of original Schlieffen plan(German) though when British troops intervened German drive stopped, stalemate ensued 3. Allied losses: 250,000; German losses: 300,000

24. Stalemate and Slaughter
F. Stalemate and Slaughter 1. After the Marne, trench warfare became the norm rather than the exception in this war 2. Battles at the Somme and Verdun would cost thousands of lives with no significant gain on either side 3. French army almost destroyed at Champagne (1917) while British forces suffered horrendous losses at Passchendaele

25. The Western Front The First World War in Europe
Trench warfare on the western front was concentrated in Belgium and northern France, while the war in the east encompassed an enormous territory.

26. Early German advances, summer 1914

27. German hand-to-hand fighting, Battle of Frontiers

28. World War I and the Russian Revolution: Section 2
Note Taking Transparency 170A
4 of 8

30. British soldiers prepare to deal with poison gas

31. German throwing a hand grenade during a gas attack…

32. Trench Warfare

33. Section 2 Board Questions
1. At the time of the start of WWI, how many men were mobilized by all sides, not including the USA, which would not enter until 1918?
2. According to your book, why did the German Schlieffen plan fail?
3. What was the effect of the stalemate which occurred after the Battle of the Marne?
4. What military technologies were first used in WWI?
5. As WWI progressed, what countries entered into the war?
6. What two battles proved to be disastrous for both Russia and Italy?
7. Describe the Battle of Gallipoli and what was the result?
8. Describe the Armenian deportation from Turkey and why Turkey did this?
9. How were the British able to gather support among the Arabs against the Ottoman Empire?
10. How were the Allies able to continue to find troops to fight in the war?

34. Section 3: Page #
Winning the War

35. How did the Allies win World War I?
Focus Question
How did the Allies win World War I?

36. Vocabulary Total war Conscription Contraband Lusitania Propaganda
Atrocity
Fourteen Points
Self-determination
armistice

37. The Eastern Front
G. The Widening War 1. Russia pushed into eastern Germany but battles of Tannenberg & Masurian lakes led to German victories in the fall of 1914; Russia would suffer 2.5 million lost soldiers 1st year of war 2. Despite losses to Serbia in initial battles, Austria & Germany would ultimately defeat Russia Serbia 3. Italy & Bulgaria (1915) entered war; Italy did so for promises of territory 4. With Arab help, Britain defeated Ottoman Empire(1918); though British defeated in battle in Dardenelles (Gallipoly) 5. War became global as Great Britain, France and Japan seized German territories 6. United States entered the war in 1917

38. Early German advances, summer 1914

39. German throwing a hand grenade during a gas attack…

40. British soldiers prepare to deal with poison gas

41. World War I and the Russian Revolution: Section 2
Color Transparency 158: The Sopwith Camel
5 of 8

46. Section 3 Board Questions
1. How did countries involved in WWI deal with such a long-protracted war?
2. How did the use of blockades affect combatants in WWI?
3. Why was the British passenger ship Lusitania sunk by a German U-boat?
4. How was propaganda used in WWI?
5. What role did women play in WWI?
6. How did WWI affect Russia?
7. Between , what was the public opinion on WWI?
8. Describe the Zimmerman note and its affect on public opinion towards Germany?
9. How was American President Wilson able to convince Congress that America should go to war on the side of the Allies in WWI?
10. What affect did American intervention have on the Allies in WWI?
11. What political document did President Wilson propose to use to end WWI?
12. How did WWI end?

47. Section 4: Page#
Making the Peace

48. Focus Question
What factors influenced the peace treaties that ended World War I, and how did people react to the treaties?

49. Vocabulary
Pandemic
Reparations
Radicals
Collective security
mandate

50. War and Hunger- now you must accompany us to the end”

52. British trench maps, Western Front

56. Casualties of war…

59. War and Hunger- now you must accompany us to the end”

60. Partition of the Ottoman Empire
The Partition of the Ottoman Empire, 1914–1923
By 1914 the Ottoman Turks had been pushed out of the Balkans, and their Arab provinces were on the edge of revolt. That revolt, in alliance with the British, erupted in the First World War and contributed greatly to the Ottomans’ defeat. Refusing to grant independence to the Arabs, the Allies established League of Nations mandates and replaced Ottoman rulers in Syria, Iraq, Transjordan, and Palestine.

61. Europe, Post World War I
Shattered Empires and Territorial Changes After World War I
The Great War brought tremendous changes in eastern Europe. New nations and new boundaries were established, generally on the principle of national self-determination. A dangerous power vacuum was created by the new, usually small states established between Germany and Soviet Russia.•1 Identify the boundaries of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia in 1914, and note carefully the changes caused by the war.•2 What territory did Germany lose, and why did France, Poland, and even Denmark receive it? Why was Austria sometimes called a head without a body in the 1920s?•3 What new independent states (excluding disputed Bessarabia) were formed from the old Russian empire, and what nationalities lived in these states?

63. Section 4 Board Questions
1. What was the state of Europe once WWI ended?
2. How did the Central Powers view the end of WWI but what happened to them, instead?
3. What governments collapsed as a result of WWI?
4. Who were the big three leaders at the end of WWI?
5. What part of Wilson's Fourteen Points did he not compromise on?
6. Describe the Treaty of Versailles.
7. What new nations were created with the Treaty of Versailles?
8. Based on the map(1920) of Europe, which European nations lost land as a result of WWI?
9. How did the Treaty affect various colonies around the world?
10. How did many Americans in the Senate view the Treaty of Versailles?