1. Group of states or territories controlled by one ruler
EMPIRES DEVELOP
Group of states or territories controlled by one ruler

2. Assyrian
First libraries
Well-organized society

3. Persian
Darius
(fought Greeks)

4. Persian Zoroaster Believed in a single god
monotheistic
Fought against prince of evil
Judgment Day
Good will win
Paradise for good people

5. Babylonian Hammurabi: The Great Lawgiver Code of Hammurabi
Collection of laws
Established justice, punishment (class system)

6. Hittites Developed iron from ore Introduces the Iron Age
Previous ages were Bronze and Copper

7. Lydians
Coined money
Moved from a barter economy to a money economy

8. Phoenicians Built cities along the Mediterranean
First alphabet (consonants only)
Economy based on trade
Colonies – territory settled and ruled by people from another land

9. Jews
Nomadic tribe called the Hebrews

10. Jews Abraham – founder Famine forces Hebrews to move Enslaved by Egypt
Escaped – led by Moses
Set up kingdom of Israel in 1000 BC
Assyrians and Babylonians destroy Israel
Diaspora – the scattering of people

11. Jews Beliefs Monotheistic Covenant with God Chosen people
10 commandments
Torah – holy scriptures

12. Jews Patriarchal – male dominated society Sabbath – Holy Day
Prophets – spiritual leader believed to be interpreting God’s will
Ethics – moral standards of behavior