1. Ccot – early modern era in europe
“Analyze changes and continuities in Western Europe from ”

2. Continuity and change over time
Things I saw:
You pretty much word vomited everything that you remember about things that happened in Europe.

3. Continuity and change over time
Examples:
The Scientific Revolution changed Europe because inventions and Isaac Newton and Copernicus and things against the church etc etc etc.
The Enlightenment changed Europe! Locke! Hobbes! All of these people! New ideas! Montesquieu! Etc! Etc!
The Protestant Reformation caused change. Martin Luther, 95 theses, Wittenberg Cathedral, excommunication, salvation by faith, read the Bible, Gutenberg was cool, Catholics got mad, Henry VIII.
The Renaissance was a thing that happened in Europe. Art! Shakespeare! Perspective! New forms of painting! Patrons and the Medici family!

4. Continuity and change over time
What’s wrong with that???

5. Continuity and change over time
You’re addressing events that occurred. Not things that changed or stayed the same in Europe over an entire time period.
This is why PERSIAN categories are SO IMPORTANT
It helps with organization and structure!!!
An entire paragraph should not be over the Scientific Revolution – your paragraph should be over Intellect or Education, during which you can discuss how the Scientific Revolution impacted and changed education and learning in Europe during the time period.

6. Continuity and change over time
PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE REMEMBER THE PARAGRAPH FORMULA I TOLD YOU GUYS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR
Topic sentence!
What it was like at the beginning of the time period
What it was like at the end of the time period
Why
Topic sentence!
What it was like at the beginning of the time period
Major event that happened!!
What it was like at the end of the time period

7. Continuity and change over time
In the 1300s, Europe was still in its ‘dark ages.’ Education and literacy was limited to those in the church, like monks and clergymen, who had to be able to read the Bible. During the 1300s, the Pope called for the Fourth Crusade, a final attempt to take back the Holy Land from the Muslim caliphate. The Crusades were originally called for by Pope Urban II, who came to the aid of the Byzantine Patriarch, who was being threatened by the expansion of the Abbasid Caliphate. Although the European Christians were never able to reclaim the Holy Land, these Crusades connected Europe to the rest of the world through the reintroduction of trade routes to the East. Inventions that were created in Asia, such as movable type, were brought back to Europe. In the 1400s, Johann Gutenberg created his printing press, a quick way to produce literature outside of Scriptoria. Books were now easier and cheaper to print. This, coupled with Martin Luther’s desire for Christians everywhere to read the Bible, led to an increase in literacy in Europe. Common people became literate because books were more easily accessible and cheaper. Education in Western Europe changed because of the printing press and easily accessible literature: education went from being limited to clergymen in the Middle Ages to being open to almost everyone by the end of the Early Modern Era.

8. THESIS STATEMENT
Include both the era and the time period (just to be safe)
You need to be specific.
Things you cannot do (didn’t get credit for):
“Religion remained a continuity in Europe during the Early Modern Era. However, politics and social aspects changed. Therefore, Western Europe experienced more changes than continuities from ”
Rather, try
“The Christian religion remained prominent in Europe from However, politics shifted as absolute monarchs rose, and society advanced thanks to the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment. Therefore, Western Europe experienced more changes than continuities during the Early Modern Era.”

9. Other things I noticed I saw a lot of DON’T. CONTRADICT. YOURSELF.
“Catholicism remained the dominant religion in Western Europe from However, Catholicism split because of the Protestant Reformation. Therefore, there were more changes than continuities in Europe during the Early Modern Era.”
Paragraph 1 = Catholicism is the best! Everyone’s Catholic!
Paragraph 2 = everyone hated the Catholic Church and it split.
DON’T. CONTRADICT. YOURSELF.

10. evidence
Your evidence needs to support your argument. You can’t just list evidence (a lot of you did this). Relate it to what you’re arguing. If you’re talking about the Protestant Reformation, bringing up Louis XIV isn’t going to help or give you credit.

11. World historical context
Muslim caliphate
Ottoman Empire
New World
Crusades

12. World historical context
EXPLAIN IT IN ITS OWN CONTEXT FIRST. THEN talk about how it impacted Europe.
Don’t:
Talk about political change and then end your paragraph with “Ferdinand and Isabella had so much power that they sent ships to the New World.”
Do:
Talk about how a rise in absolute monarchs led to a rise in wealth and centralized power for kings and queens, who could then fund trips to the New World so that they could gain more resources and power, and establish colonies around the world to compete with other European countries for power.

13. World historical context
EXPLAIN IT IN ITS OWN CONTEXT FIRST. THEN talk about how it impacted Europe.
Don’t:
Say “The Crusades brought Greek texts back to Europe which started the Renaissance.”
Do:
Talk about the reason why the Crusades were fought, articulate that they reopened up Europe to the rest of the world through trade routes, that Genoa was an important trading port for the Italians, that Italian merchants grew wealthy because of this reintroduction of trade, that patrons arose and commissioned people to make art, that humanistic values were spreading because the Catholic Church was losing power and people started focusing on individual efforts and talents rather than just focusing on Heaven, which ultimately led to the Renaissance and a rebirth in art and learning, etc

14. ANALYSIS The “why” Sentence stems Due to Because This changed because
This led to
This remained a continuity because
BECAUSE BECAUSE BECAUSE BECAAUUUUUSSSSEEEEEE

15. ANALYSIS
Christianity remained a continuity in Europe. Example example evidence evidence. The end.
But WHY. WHY did it remain the dominant religion. You need to tell me why. That’s the analysis
Christianity remained a continuity in Europe. Throughout the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church filled the void of the political world through canon law. The Church had tremendous power over kings, and had the authority to excommunicate kings based on their behavior. Because of such a history of a strong influence of Christianity, and because the Church had historically controlled most of society and politics, Christianity remained the dominant religion in Europe during the Early Modern Era.