1. Segregation and Discrimination
Chapter 8 Section 3
What is segregation? the action or state of setting someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart. the action or state of setting someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart.

2. FOCUS QUESTION
How were the civil and political rights of certain groups in America undermined during the years after Reconstruction?

3. African Americans Lose Freedoms
Jim Crow laws – created after Reconstruction – kept segregation, limited African American rights
South used many methods to keep African Americans from voting:
Poll taxes
Literacy tests
Grandfather clauses
Jim Crow laws pushed for segregation in all areas of life – buildings, railroads, schools, cemeteries, etc.
Plessy v. Ferguson – “Separate but Equal”

6. 

7. So, who is Jim Crow?
Before the iPod, before television, movies and radio, people went to the theater for entertainment. Daddy Rice, a white actor, would cover his face with charcoal and then sing and dance in a silly way. This character’s name was Jim Crow. Just like we compare people to characters on TV, people began to use Jim Crow as a way to describe black people. (It wasn’t a compliment.) For example, there were ‘Jim Crow’ cars on trains where all blacks were forced to sit, even if they bought a first-class ticket! As time went on, the term was also used to describe any racist law that restricted the rights and opportunities of black people.

8. "White and colored persons shall not be taught in the same school, but in separate schools under the same general regulations as to management, usefulness and efficiency."
Tennessee 1873

9. Ex. Jim Crow Laws
Barbers: No colored barber shall serve as a barber [to] white women or girls.
No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which Negro men are placed.
It shall be unlawful for a white person to marry anyone except a white person. Any marriage in violation of this section shall be void.

11. African Americans Oppose Injustices
Many refused to accept Jim Crow South
Groups established to resist
Booker T. Washington – believed that blacks needed to adapt to the segregated world, not overturn Jim Crow
W.E.B. Du Bois – Fought against accommodation – said Jim Crow laws should be opposed and overturned
Ida B. Wells – Attacked the practice of lynching

13. Washington Du Bois

14. I created the NAACP to fight discriminatory laws
I founded Tuskegee Institute to train blacks in agriculture and education.
African Americans are not treated equally.
Now is the accepted time, not tomorrow.
It is at the bottom of life that we must begin, not at the
top.
I worked to advance African Americans’ rights.
Protesting is necessary to fight for constitutional rights.
We can earn constitutional rights through economic security and respectability

16. Chinese Immigrants Face Discrimination
Chinese immigrants faced similar situation as blacks, but on the West Coast
Segregated, limited in the jobs they could have, often attacked – Chinese Exclusion Act
Chinese opposed such laws, tried to go to court for their rights
Wo. v. Hopkins – Court ruled that Chinese citizenship could not be denied or stripped, but upheld the Chinese Exclusion Act