2. The democratic ideal demands that govt treat all persons alike Closest literal statement in the Const is the 14 th amend’s Equal Protection Clause 5 th amend’s Due Process Clause puts the same restrictions on the Federal Govt

4.  Segregation – separation of one group from another (2 types): 1.De jure segregation  By law, w/ legal sanction  Ex. Jim Crow laws 2.De facto segregation  In fact, no law requires it  Ex. housing patterns

5. Sampling of Jim Crow Laws It shall be unlawful for a negro & a white person to play together or in company with each other at any game of pool or billiards. Alabama No person or corp shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards of rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which negro men are placed. Alabama There shall be separate buildings, not nearer than one fourth mile to each other, one for white boys & one for negro boys (juvenile delinquents). Florida No colored barber shall serve as a barber to white women or girls. Georgia All persons licensed to conduct the business of selling beer or wine…shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively & shall not serve to the 2 races within the same room at any time. Georgia It shall be unlawful for a white person to marry anyone except a white person. Any marriage in violation of this section shall be void. Georgia The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart or used for the burial of white persons. Georgia All passenger stations in this state operated by any motor transportation company shall have separate waiting rooms or space & separate ticket windows for the white & colored races. Alabama

6. Life in the South

7. Upheld the separate-but-equal doctrine (separate facilities for blacks & whites allowed, as long as the facilities were equal) Court ruled the law did not violate 14 th amendment’s Equal Protection Clause Constitutional basis for segregation & Jim Crow for the next 60 years Homer Plessy

9.  Court held that segregation by race in schools is unconstitutional  Reversed the Plessy ruling in the field of public education  Directed States to end segregation “with all deliberate speed” (?)