1. The Crusades History’s Most Successful FAILURE

2. During the Middle Ages the Catholic Church had risen in power
Background
During the Middle Ages the Catholic Church had risen in power
After the fall of Rome, the Eastern portion of the Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire

3. Many were uncertain where life would lead them and many tragic events lead people to have a higher believe in GOD (Rise of Christianity)

5. Background- Causes
Jerusalem was a holy land for the Christians and each year many come to visit (pilgrimages)
The Muslims controlled the Holy Lands and the amount of visitors grew too much that they began limiting the number of visitors
Muslim power began to threaten the Byzantine Capital of Constantinople

6. Jerusalem

8. Pope Urban II and his call
1093- Byzantine Emperor Alexius wanted help to save Constantinople from Turks  asks Church for mercenaries
1095- Pope Urban II issues a call for a “holy” war or Crusade to capture the Holy land (Palestine) back from Muslims
Pope assured that those that die in Crusade will have a place in Heaven

9. GOAL: Crusades  recapture the holy land from Muslims

10. Map of Crusades

12. 1st Crusade- 1096 Crusaders capture Jerusalem
1187- Jerusalem falls back to Muslim rule

13. Crusade # 2
Fails to recapture city

14. Third Crusade Led by Richard the Lionhearted- King of England
Despite war, eventually they came to a truce with Saladin, leader of Muslims
Christians (unarmed) would be allowed in city

15. The Crusades = 7-8 total All were unsuccessful in recapturing city.
Rest of Crusades was more about plundering and looting both Muslims and Eastern Orthodox Christians
A.D Constantinople attacked by Crusaders
Popes and the Roman Catholic Church lost credibility and power in Western Europe

16. Why did the Crusades fail?
After the 1st attempt, each attempt was weaker with less emphasis on winning
People soon became more interested about making money and getting goods and less about ‘saving’ the Holy Lands from the Muslims

17. Effects of Crusades
As Feudal lords died in various crusades, monarchs gained more and more land and power and eventually had more power than popes
Muslim bitterness and hatred toward Christians - word crusade in Middle East means terrorism
Crusaders returning to Europe wanted the spices/silks of the Middle East – surprisingly trade increased between Europe and the Middle East