Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
a) The tongue is considered part of the alimentary canal since it comes into contact with food. b) The teeth come into contact with food, but are still considered accessory digestive organs. c) The salivary glands come into contact with food, and provide digestive enzymes. d) Although it is a hollow organ, the gallbladder does not come into contact with food but does secrete bile. e) The liver is considered to be part of the gastrointestinal tract since it produces secretions that flow into the small intestine. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Skeletal muscle is found in the muscularis of the _________, but not in the muscularis of the _________. a) laryngopharynx; superior portion of the esophagus. b) tongue; oropharynx. c) inferior portion of the esophagus; laryngopharynx. d) middle portion of the esophagus; small intestine. e) small intestine; laryngopharynx. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Which of the following statements is CORRECT? 1. Smooth muscle is found in “A” and “C.” 2. Both aerolar connective tissue and epithelium may be found in “A” and “D” but not in “B.” 3. Lymphatic tissue may be found in “A” and “B.” a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 2 are correct. e) 1, 2, and 3 are correct. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The myenteric plexus a) controls the contractile strength and frequency of the muscularis. b) supplies the secretory cells of the mucosal epithelium. c) contains sensory neurons which function as chemoreceptors. d) regulates secretion by gastrointestinal organs. e) supplies the mucosal epithelium. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The parotid glands are found
a) in the tongue. b) between the skin and the masseter muscle. c) in the floor of the mouth. d) beneath the tongue. e) in the palate. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Sympathetic nerve impulses
a) promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva. b) stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food. c) decreases salivation in times of stress. d) promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva and stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food are both correct. e) promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva, stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food, and decreases salivation in times of stress are all correct. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The pharynx is part of both the ___ and the ___ organ systems.
a) digestive and muscular b) digestive and respiratory c) respiratory and muscular d) digestive and endocrine e) digestive and skeletal Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?
a) The upper esophageal sphincter contains smooth muscle. b) The upper esophageal sphincter controls movement of food from the pharynx into the esophagus. c) The lower esophageal sphincter contains smooth muscle. d) The lower esophageal sphincter controls movement of food from the esophagus into the stomach. e) Gastroesophageal reflex disease may be due to a defect in the lower esophageal sphincter. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The pharyngeal phase of swallowing
a) begins when the tongue thrusts the bolus into the oral cavity. b) is voluntary c) ends when the esophagus closes off the larynx. d) begins when the soft palate and uvula close off the nasopharynx. e) begins when the bolus enters the oropharynx. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The esophageal epithlelium is comprised of _______, while the epithelium of the stomach is comprised of _________. a) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium which helps move the bolus; stratified squamous epithelium which helps protect against acid. b) stratified squamous epithelium which helps protect against friction; simple columnar epithelium which provides secretion and some protection. c) simple columnar epithelium which provides secretion and some protection; simple columnar epithelium which provides secretion and some protection. d) stratified squamous epithelium which helps protect against friction; stratified squamous epithelium which helps protect against friction e) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium which helps move the bolus; simple squamous epithelium which aids in absorption of nutrients Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor are secreted in the stomach by
a) parietal cells. b) chief cells. c) G cells. d) mucous neck cells. e) surface mucous cells. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Pepsinogen is an active protease in the stomach.
a) True b) False Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The pancreatic acini are small clusters of glandular epithelial cells which comprise the exocrine portion of the pancreas. a) True b) False Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Pancreatic juice does all of the following EXCEPT
a) buffer gastric juice. b) provide protein-digesting enzymes in inactive form. c) provide starch-digesting enzymes. d) provide glucagon. e) stop the action of pepsin. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The structures indicated by “C” are
a) central veins. b) hepatic sinusoids. c) bile ducts. d) hepatocytes. e) hepatic laminae. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Which of the following correctly details the flow of blood through the liver to the inferior vena cava? a) hepatic artery > liver sinusoids > central vein > hepatic vein > hepatic portal vein b) hepatic artery > hepatic portal vein > liver sinusoids > central vein > hepatic vein c) hepatic artery > central vein > hepatic portal vein > liver sinusoids > hepatic vein d) hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein > liver sinsoids > central vein > hepatic vein e) hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein > liver sinusoids > central vein > hepatic vein Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Secretions from the liver and gallbladder are united in the common bile duct and enter the duodenum through the sphincter of the hepatopancreatic ampulla. a) True b) False Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Which of the indicated structures contains glands which secrete an alkaline mucus that helps neutralize the acidic chyme? a) A b) B c) C d) A and B are correct e) A, B, and C are correct Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Peristalsis in the small intestine
a) is also known as segmentation. b) is a series of migrating motility complexes. c) mixes chyme with digestive enzymes. d) A and B are correct. e) A, B, and C are correct. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

You absolutely love plain, unsweetened whipped cream and you have eaten a cup of it by itself. Which of the following enzymes would be most useful in digesting this snack? a) pancreatic amylase b) aminopeptidase c) gastric lipase d) pepsin e) deoxyribonuclease Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Most proteins are absorbed as amino acids through _________, while dietary lipids are absorbed through __________. a) facilitated diffusion; active transport b) active transport; facilitated diffusion c) facilitated diffusion; simple diffusion d) simple diffusion; active transport e) active transport; simple diffusion Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Negatively charged ions such as bicarbonate, chloride, iodide, and nitrate may be absorbed by 1. active transport. 2. passively following sodium ions. 3. passively following water through osmosis. a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 2 are correct e) 1, 2, and 3 are correct Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

In order from the small intestine to the anus, the major regions of the large intestine are a) ascending colon, sigmoid colon, transverse colon, descending colon, cecum, rectum, anal canal b) cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal c) ascending colon, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, descending colon, cecum, anal canal, rectum d) cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, anal canal, rectum e) ascending colon, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, descending colon, anal canal, cecum, rectum Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The teniae coli are a) pouches in the large intestine. b) located at the bottom of the intestinal glands. c) structures which increase the surface area of the large intestine. d) small pouches of visceral peritoneum filled with fat. e) thickened portions of the longitudinal muscles of the muscularis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The gastrocolic reflex
a) initiates mass peristalsis. b) intensifies peristalsis in the ileum. c) forces chyme into the cecum. d) is initiated by secretion of gastrin. e) occurs segmentally in the haustra. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Voluntary control of the external anal sphincter can occur because the smooth muscles involved are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system. a) True b) False Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The bacteria in the large intestine
a) ferment carbohydrates. b) convert proteins to amino acids. c) result in formation of indoles and skatoles. d) decompose bilirubin to stercobilin. e) All of these choices are correct. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Gastrin 1. stimulates secretion of large amounts of gastric juice. 2. strengthens contraction of the lower esophageal sphincter. 3. secretion is stimulated by low pH and inhibited by high pH. a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 2 are correct e) 1, 2, and 3 are correct Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

The enterogastric reflex
a) is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the stomach b) is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the duodenum. c) results in decreased contraction of the pyloric sphincter. d) increases gastric emptying. e) is the result of parasympathetic stimulation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

_________ stimulates increased secretion of pancreatic juice that is rich in bicarbonate ions. a) Gastrin b) Secretin c) Cholecystokinin d) Pepsin e) Somatostatin Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

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Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

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