1. The Great War Begins

4. M.A.I.N. Causes Militarism
Building of large armies, stockpiling weapons, glorification of military
Ex: Anglo-German naval arms race
Creates sense of confidence in power, desire to use military

5. M.A.I.N. Causes Alliance System System of agreements for defense
Small conflicts become big ones, pull other countries in

7. M.A.I.N. Causes Alliance System Bismarck’s Alliances (Germany)
System of agreements for defense
Small conflicts become big ones, pull other countries in
Bismarck’s Alliances (Germany)
Allies with Austria-Hungary, Italy creating the “Triple Alliance”
Alliance with Russia
isolates France, avoids 2 front war
Kaiser Wilhelm II fires Bismarck, doesn’t renew alliance with Russia
Russia allies with France, Britain promises not to fight them creating the “Triple Entente”

9. M.A.I.N. Causes Imperialism
Race for empire creates competition between European countries
Industrialization creates competition
German surpasses British industry

11. M.A.I.N. Causes Nationalism Devotion to one’s country or people
Can unify nations or break apart empires
“The Balkans Powder Keg”

14. M.A.I.N. Causes Nationalism Devotion to one’s country or people
Can unify nations or break apart empires
B. “The Balkans Powder Keg”
1. Austria-Hungary controls land lost by Ottoman Empire
2. Slavic peoples in those places resent Austrian rule, desire Slavic nation “Pan-Slavism”
a. Based in Serbia, Promoted by Russia

15. Immediate Cause
The Assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand 6/28/1914 in Sarajevo
Shot by Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian (Slavic) nationalist
A Member of “The Black Hand,” Slavic nationalist group desiring independence

16. Road to War Franz Ferdinand Assassinated
Austria-Hungary demands to enter Serbia to investigate
Serbia Refuses with promised support from Russia
Germany gives A-H a “Blank Check”
Austria declares war on Serbia 7/28/14
Russia mobilizes troops
Germany declares war on Russia, then France

18. Schlieffen Plan

19. Germany asks to pass through Belgium to attack France, Belgium refuses
Germany goes anyway, drawing Britain into war
Germany slows, fights on two fronts
Italy switches sides

41. The Great War Continues

42. The Western Front

43. Western Front Battle of the Marne- halts German advance Stalemate
Dooms Germany to 2 front war
Stalemate
Neither side able to gain advantage due to trench warfare

44. Western Front High Casualties- A war of attrition Little Movement
Ex: Verdun: 600,000 casualties (French)
Ex: Somme: 20,000 British dead on first day
Little Movement
Verdun gains 4 mi.
Somme gains 5 mi.

45. Eastern Front More Mobile war Russia Weakens due to high casualties
Not industrialized shortages of war materials
German U-Boats prevent aid from allies
Ties up Germany
Austrians defeat the Italians

47. Rest of the World Fighting in Africa & Asia Middle East
Japan takes Germany’s possessions
Fighting between colonies in Africa
Middle East
British T.E. Lawrence helps Arabs fight Ottomans
Armenian genocide by the Turks
Australians try to take Gallipoli
To resupply the Russians
Defeated

49. The Great War Continues

50. Total War
The use of nearly all civilian and military resources for the war effort
War economies
Women take men’s place in factories
Governments control factories and rails for war effort
Industrialists make millions
Rationing
Government limits on consumption
Daylight Saving Time
Propaganda
Gov. advertising to persuade population

52. US Joins the War 1917 Unrestricted Sub Warfare 1915 & 1917
U-Boats sink ships with Americans

54. US Joins the War 1917 Unrestricted Sub Warfare 1915 & 1917
U-Boats sink ships with Americans (The Lusitania)
Zimmerman Telegram 1917
German backup plan threatens US
Financial incentives
US loaned money to Allies
Russian Revolution 1917
Now monarchies Vs. democracies

55. Russia Exits the War 1917 Civil Unrest leads to new government
Democracy
Vows to keep fighting
Revolution later that year
Led by Vladimir Lenin, makes Russia Communist
Signs Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, Russia out of war
Allows Germany to concentrate on West

56. The End German advance stops at the Marne Allies counter attack
Helped by fresh American troops
Kaiser Abdicates due to mutiny

57. Armistice
Ceasefire
11AM on November 11th

58. Results
8.5 million military dead
21 million wounded
$338 Billion