1. Unit 3: Civil War

2. Please take out your notebooks & open to a new page.
Entry Task
Please take out your notebooks & open to a new page.

3. Timeline 1793: Cotton Gin is invented
Increased cotton production  increased need for slaves
Early 1800s: Second Great Awakening
Religious revival  focus on justice
1820: Missouri Compromise passed
Missouri becomes a slave state, Maine becomes a free state (keeps the balance in the Senate)
North of 36 30’ is free, South is slave
No one is happy
1830s: Abolitionist movement begins

4. Timeline 1850: The Compromise of 1850
CA enters as a free state, slavery allowed in Utah & New Mexico territories
Fugitive Slave Law: Escaped slaves must be returned to their owners
1852: Uncle Tom’s Cabin published
1854: Kansas-Nebraska Act
The people who live in the Kansas & Nebraska territories would decide if they are slave or free states

5. Timeline
1856: Senator Charles Sumner beaten in the Senate

6. Timeline 1856: The Dred Scott decision
Dred & Harriet Scott sue for their freedom b/c they had lived for a while in Wisconsin (a free state)
Decision: The phrase “all men are created equal” did not include slaves, therefore Dred Scott is not a citizen & cannot sue
1859: John Brown leads raid on Harper’s Ferry
Steals weapons for a slave uprising, JB executed for treason

7. Timeline 1860: Presidential Election
Stephen Douglass (N. Democrats): supported popular sovereignty (states decide)
John C Breckinridge (S. Democrats): pro-slavery
John Bell (Constitutional Union): avoided the issue altogether
Abraham Lincoln (Republicans): opposed slavery
Lincoln wins with less than 40% of the popular vote (all from the North)

8. Secession

9. April 12, 1861
Southern forces open fire on Fort Sumter (Charleston, SC)
“There is no more thought of bribing or coaxing the traitors who have dared to aim their cannon balls at the flag of the Union.” -Lincoln
Civil War had begun

10. The Deadliest War in U.S. History
700,000 died
More than the American Rev., WWI, WWII, and Vietnam COMBINED

11. Why so deadly? Guns more effective Bullets more lethal
Shrapnel, booby traps & land mines
Outdated military strategies
Disease & lack of sanitation

12. Advantages of the North & South

13. Advantages of the North
71% of the U.S. population
Factories
Railroads

14. Advantages of the South
Military strategy & commitment
War of Attrition
attrition (n): gradually reducing the strength or effectiveness of someone through sustained attack or pressure

15. The Progress of the War

16. Battles of the Civil War
Date
Battle
April 12, 1861
Battle of Fort Sumter
July 21, 1861
First Battle of Bull Run
September 17, 1862
Battle of Antietam
July 1-3, 1863
Battle of Gettysburg
November 15 – December 21, 1864
Sherman’s March
April 9, 1865
Surrender at the Appomattox Court House

17. Battles of the Civil War
Take notes on:
Who was involved
What happened (brief summary)
When & where it happened
Why it’s important (results)