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World in 600 Postclassical Period: Fall of Han, Rome, and Indian classical empires Europe in Dark Ages Lack of political boundaries Religion more important.

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Presentation on theme: "World in 600 Postclassical Period: Fall of Han, Rome, and Indian classical empires Europe in Dark Ages Lack of political boundaries Religion more important."— Presentation transcript:

1 World in 600 Postclassical Period: Fall of Han, Rome, and Indian classical empires Europe in Dark Ages Lack of political boundaries Religion more important than political boundaries (e.g. Christianity in Europe, Hinduism in India, Buddhism in Central and East Asia)

2 600-1450 Important Developments
Rise and Spread of Islam Byzantine Empire influences Russia Europe grows into major civilization connected to Asia and Middle East China becomes large and prosperous empire Mongols impact world system Rise of civilizations in Africa

3 600-1450 Important Developments
Long distance trade becomes more complex and connects Africa, Europe, and Asia Nomads continue to impact civilizations: Bedouins (Arabs), Vikings, and Mongols Demographic changes continue due to: nomadic migrations Black Death increased urbanization

4 Rise of Islam Five Pillars of Islam Causes of Sunni-Shi’a Split
Reasons for spread of Islam Changes in status of women Arts, Sciences and Technologies

5 Reasons for spread of Islam
Well disciplined armies Weakness of surrounding empires Shari’a Poll tax There was no conversion of the sword Business advantage- trade

6 Hajj and Kab’a

7 Byzantine Empire Kept alive legacy of ancient Rome Caesaropapism
Eastern Orthodox church split from Roman Catholicism Political and cultural influence on Russia and Eastern Europe Justinian- hagia sophia, grew empire and justinian code

8 Developments in Europe
Feudalism and manorialism Similarites and differences between European and Japanese Feudalism Role of Catholic Church Impact of the Crusades Demographic Changes of late Middle Ages (population change and shift)

9 Crusades Europeans brought into major world trade systems
Europeans encounter much more sophisticated cultures of Middle East Brought back silk, spices, and gold Increased demand for additional goods Starts the Mediterranean sea trade and growth of city states

10 Sui, Tang, Song China Re-establishment of empire
Growth of examination system and scholar-officials Rise and decline of Buddhism Decline in status of women Neo-Confucianism Chinese modernism (technology, urbanism, manufacturing, etc.)

11 Sui 598-618 Re-establishment of empire
GRand Canal- increased internal communication and trade

12 Tang Continued effective communication system- postal stations, roads with inns Equal field system- limit power of land owning aristocracy Merit based bureaucracy LARGE empire- Idea of Middle Kingdom (Vietnam, Manchuria and Tibet) Established vassal kingdom in Korea- silla

13 Song 960- Golden era Lost territory compared to the tang
Increased agricultural production Increasing population Urbanization- urban large scale capitals- Xian, Hangzhou Technological innovations- compass, print, gunpowder Financial innovations- flying cash aided trade Women’s status declines Neoconfucianism

14 Impact of Mongols Reasons for Genghis Khan’s success
Style of Mongol Rule Impact of Mongol rule on China, Russia, Middle East (Islamic heartland) Pax Mongolica and diffusion of goods, ideas, and plague

15 Changes brought by Mongols
Overall centralization Changed capitals Increased trade Rule from afar Often times, mongols adopted cultural/religious beliefs of subjects

16 African Societies Ghana, Mali, Swahili City-States Gold/Salt Trade
Influence of Islam Indian Ocean Trade Africa increasingly part of world trade system

17 Important Issues Imperfect boundaries in areas
Cultural labels Wide differences in cultural zones Christendom Muslims in mali vs. Muslim in Central asia

18 Increasing Complexity of Trade Routes
Africa, Europe, and Asia tied together for the first time: Silk Road Mediterranean Trans-Saharan Trade Indian Ocean Trade

19 Silk Routes

20 Mediterranean Trade Venice and Genoa became important ports during Crusades

21 Trans-Saharan Trade

22 Indian Ocean

23 Continued influence of nomadic peoples
Arabs—spread of Islam Vikings—led to feudalism in Europe Turks Mongols Bantu-speaking peoples in Africa

24 Impacts of Black Death Areas impacted include Europe, China, and Middle East (Islamic) countries Population declines Labor Shortages

25 World in 1450 China reestablished but increasingly inward looking under Ming Dynasty End of unified Islamic Empire but Islam still a worldwide religion Growth of Europe into separate kingdoms Increasing desire for trade goods, particularly in Europe Ottoman Turks take over Byzantine Empire Islamic civilizations in India (Mughal Empire) End of nomadic ability to dominate civilizations Decreasing status of elite women in civilized societies (China, Islamic countries, Europe)

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