1. Help Save the World with BambooBy
Dr. Segundino U. Foronda, Ph.D.
Forester, Inventor & Forest Products Specialist
Democracy M. Icawalo
INBAR Alumnus & Bamboo Advocate

2. What is Climate Change?

3. CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate Change refers to any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity or changing levels of Green House Gases (GHGs).
It describes the short and long term effects on the earth’s climate as a result of human activities such as fossil fuel combustion and vegetation clearing and burning.
It is also now referred to as GLOBAL WARMING.

4. Causes of Climate Change
Wanton utilization of fossil fuels
Deforestation

5. Effects of Climate Change
Pollution of water, air and soil
Polar ice caps melting
Negative economic consequences
Increased extreme weather conditions
Spread of diseases
Landscape changes
Adverse effects on agriculture and food supply

6. Solutions 1. Re-greening with trees and bamboo
Bamboo is more recommended, however, considering its natural characteristics as follows:
- Bamboo absorbs 35% more carbon dioxide compared to trees. It also emits 35% more oxygen. Even in finished products form, it will not release its C02 contents for decades.
- It is much more sustainable and easier to plant. Even when burned, it will just grow back unlike trees.
- Its maximum maturity period is only 5 years while the minimum time for trees to mature on the average is 10 years.

7. 2. Use of clean & sustainable fuel. substitutes. Fossil Fuels vs
2 . Use of clean & sustainable fuel substitutes Fossil Fuels vs. Bio-oil & Bio-coal Non-renewable - Renewable Grey CO2 - Green CO2 Dirty - Clean Not cheap - Cheaper than fossil fuels

8. Bio-oil What is bio-oil (BO)? Not oil in traditional sense
Liquid biomass, molecular composition resembles the feedstock
Clean burning, carbon dioxide neutral fuel
Aka: pyrolysis oil, bio-crude oil
Can be co-fired in furnaces, boilers, gas turbines, and diesel engines

9. ( Soon, for transportation fuels! )
Bio-oil
Green substitute to conventional fossil fuels in power generation for now.
( Soon, for transportation fuels! )

10. Benefits of Bio-oil Reduce dependence on fossil fuel
Establish land cover
Reduce GHG emissions
Create jobs
Motivate economic activity in the countryside
Save foreign exchange
Cheaper than fossil fuel

11. Cost of Bio-oil
“Even more importantly, bio-oil is priced at $25 - $35 a barrel…” (Zeman, 2007)
Equiv crude oil: US$ – a barrel
CDM benefits when factored will increase bio-oil’s competitiveness!

12. Bio-oil Processing
Fast Pyrolysis

13. Products of Fast Pyrolysis
Bio-oil
Liquid biomass
Can be stored, pumped and transported
Non-condensable gas
- Re-circulated into the pyrolysis process
Char
Black powder
Incompletely combusted biomass

14. No competition with food supply!
Feedstock
Any lignocellulosic or cellulosic material
Forestry, agricultural and processing residues
Wood, sawdust, bark, forest slash, waste paper
Rice straw & husk, corn stalks & cobs, bamboo
Cellulosic residues from bio-diesel/ bio-ethanol production, e.g., coco shell & husk, bagasse, etc.
Poultry litter, animal dung
No competition with food supply!

15. Bio-fuel Crops Compared

16. Bamboo – Most Favorable Feedstock
Indigenous plant species
Easier to establish than tree species
High regenerative capacity, even when burned
High capacity to withstand extreme environmental conditions
Fast growing and high-biomass yield
Short maturity period
Co-products:
- Bamboo shoots
- High quality pole segments

17. Bamboo BO Plant Capacity
1000 ha plantation = 100TPD BO Facility Daily BO output = TPD

18. Moving Forward Invest in Bamboo Bio-oil Production and make money!
Reduce dependence on fossil fuels
Reduce GHG emissions
Protect the environment
Create jobs

19. Bio-coal What is bio-coal? Torrefied biomass Aka: e-coal, green coal
No smoke/ odor, clean
HHV = MJ/kg
Easy to mill, friable
Hydrophobic
Decay resistant

20. Benefits of Bio-coal Stores and handles like fossil coal
Requires no retrofitting for coal-fired plants
Consistent and uniform fuel efficiency
Generates electricity as efficiently as fossil coal
Enables immediate GHG emissions reduction
Fossil coal will emit (+/-) 300% more carbon dioxide compared to bio-coal
Cost of bio-coal is only (+/-) 40% of the cost of fossil coal

21. Bio-coal Processing Torrefaction 200-300 °C zero oxygen
(+/-) 30 minutes
Densification
milling/ grinding
pelletizing

22. Feedstock  Bamboo

23. We need to move
from this
to this!

24. Remember, we need to save our world for our children.
Help save the world with bamboo!!!