1. Bell Work 12/7/2015
Open comp. book to pg. 58-Buddhism questions from Friday.
Take a Confucianism notes sheet from the crates on your desks. Glue in to pg. 59.

2. OBJECTIVE
SPI Describe the reunification of China under the Tang Dynasty and reasons for the cultural diffusion of Buddhism.
Analyze the role of kinship and Confucianism in maintaining order and hierarchy.

3. What is Buddhism?
Buddhism does not depend on a god who created the universe.
This religion is more about how to live rather than how or who to worship.
Today, Buddhism ranks as the 4th largest religion with about 375 million followers.
The spiritual leader is the Monk.
Buddhists worship in temples.

4. What is Buddhism?
Buddhists believe in non-violence, karma, and reincarnation.
Also, Buddhists can escape reincarnation and experience Nirvana if they live a good life.
Nirvana is seen simply as the end of suffering by some and as heavenly paradise by others.
Why would Buddhism be attractive to people in China?

5. ALL ABOUT BUDDHISM
Buddhism came to China by monks and traders traveling along the Silk Roads
Buddhism spread after the collapse of the Han Dynasty because it offered comfort in a time of uncertainty and disorder.
Buddhism was popular during the Tang Dynasty in China because it promised a better life to its followers

6. SPREAD OF BUDDHISM People took comfort in Buddhism
As a result, wealthy people donated land and money to construct Buddhist temples
Buddhism then spread to Japan, Korea, and other countries throughout Eastern Asia.
What is the term for the spreading of ideas from one culture to another?
Cultural Diffusion

7. BUDDHIST INFLUENCE
Buddhism influenced many aspects of Chinese culture such as art, literature, and architecture. This time period ( ) is often called the Age of Buddhism.
This age came to an end when the Tang emperor launched a campaign against the religion. This weakened Buddhism in China.
This campaign was meant to bring back the focus of Confucianism.

8. Confucius was a great thinker, statesman, educator, and founder of the Confucian School of Thought in ancient China
This school placed a lot of emphasis on relationships and one’s role in society
Confucius was born in 551 BC and died in 476 BC during a period of war and unrest within China

9. Analects of Confucius
A collection of sayings and ideas from Chinese philosopher, Confucius, written by his followers.

10. Confucianism Explained
Confucius and Confucianism (3:11-5:50)
 While watching the video:
What are the basic concepts of Confucianism?
Explain the relationships between the following:
Emperor to subject
Father to son
Husband to wife
Older sibling to younger sibling
Friend to friend

11. } Philosophy (in 3 parts) solution to problem of social chaos
A. Filial Piety (respect for family, relationships)
Moral character (trustworthy, hardworking, honest, etc)
solution to problem of social chaos
Ritual (respecting ancestors and other cultural traditions, rigorous study of morals & academics)

12. The Five Relationships
Emperor to Subject
Father to Son
Husband to Wife
Older Sibling to Younger Sibling
Friend to Friend
These all demonstrate a superior-subordinate relationship that must be respected at all times!

13. Confucian Social Order
Emperor
Upper Class
(court, nobles, gov’t officials, scholars)
Peasants
(farmers)
Artisans
(skilled craftsmen)
Merchants
(traders)
Slaves
Confucian Social Order
Confucius believed that it was possible to move within the social order-- through hard work and study (or merit).
During the Tang and Song dynasties, how could someone raise their social status?
By passing the civil service examination.

14. The Civil Service Exam
Confucius believed that a good government depended on having wise leaders
Based on Confucian principles.
Provided China with well-educated, talented officials.
Only men were allowed to take the tests and the exams favored the rich. Why?

15. Neo-Confucianism
The Tang and Song dynasties backed a new understanding of Confucianism called neo-Confucianism. Neo-Confucianism was based on the ideas of Confucius but included Buddhist and Daoist beliefs.
Tang and Song rulers saw neo-Confucianism and civil service examinations as a way to strengthen the government.
They believed that a government run by educated people was less likely to become corrupt or weak.
Over the years, the examination system created a new class of leaders in China known as scholar-officials.

16. Review Why was Buddhism attractive to the people of China?
The text that includes the teachings of Confucius is known as what?
Explain the purpose of “The Five Relationships” in Confucianism.
How was neo-Confucianism different from Confucianism?