2. CONFUCIANISM
With no CLERGY or GODS - Confucianism is not a religion in the TRADITIONAL sense
ETHICAL system provides direction for personal behavior
Practiced mostly in CHINA – about 6.3 million followers
Based on the teachings of Chinese scholar CONFUCIUS
Confucius (551–479 BC)- teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher
Born at a time of CRISIS and VIOLENCE in China
Hoped his beliefs and teachings would restore order to society

3. CONFUCIUS
Philosophy of Confucius emphasized personal and governmental morality - correctness of social relationships -justice and sincerity
Confucius's principles - based on common Chinese tradition and belief
Believed in: strong family loyalty - ancestor worship -respect of elders by their children and of husbands by their wives
His principle "Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself", an early version of the Golden Rule

4. FIVE KEY RELATIONSHIPS
Confucius believed order, harmony, good government could be restored if society were organized around the:
FIVE KEY RELATIONSHIPS
1. RULER - SUBJECT
2. FATHER - SON
3. HUSBAND - WIFE
4. OLDER BROTHER – YOUNGER BROTHER
5. FRIEND - FRIEND

5. FIVE KEY RELATIONSHIPS
Except for FRIENDSHIPS – none of the relationships were EQUAL
OLDER superior to YOUNGER
MEN superior to WOMEN
{Were not supposed to take
advantage of position but serve as a
guide or role model}

7. FILIAL PIETY FILIAL PIETY is respect for one's parents and ancestors:
*to be good and take care of parents
*show love, respect, courtesy and support
*display sorrow for their sickness and death
Filial Piety emphasized in Confucianism because devotion to one's parents was associated with one's devotion to the state; it also meant honoring their parents’ memories after death

8. ANALECTS
ANALECTS: the collection of writings, sayings and ideas of Confucius

11. SHINTO SHINTO is the traditional religion of JAPAN
Shinto means “WAY OF THE GODS”
About 4 Million people practice Shinto
Shinto – based on respect for forces of NATURE and ANCESTOR worship
Shinto is sometimes seen more as a way of life rather than a religion by the Japanese due to its long historical and cultural significance

12. KAMI
KAMI – divine spirits in NATURE - KAMI thought to control powerful forces of nature
KAMI are worshipped in the religion of Shinto - they are elements in nature, animals, as well as SPIRITS of the deceased
Many Kami are considered the ancient ancestors of entire clans, and some ancestors became Kami upon their death if they were able to embody the values and virtues of Kami in life {Traditionally great or charismatic leaders like the Emperor could be kami}
In Shinto - Kami are not separate from nature, but are of nature, possessing positive and negative, good and evil characteristics

13. KAMI
Believers respected the Kami and tried to win their favor through prayer and offerings. The shared beliefs of the followers of Shinto eventually helped unite all of Japan.

14. SHINTO-BUDDHISM
BUDDHISM was introduced to Japan from KOREA in the 6th Century
Some Buddhist rituals became Shinto rituals and some Shinto traditions were practiced in Buddhist temples.
Most “LIFE" events are handled by Shinto and “DEATH" or "afterlife" events are handled by Buddhism
{*Example: it is typical in Japan to celebrate a birth at a Shinto shrine while funeral arrangements are generally dictated by Buddhist tradition}

16. ANIMISM
Traditional African people developed belief systems that helped them understand and organize information about their world.
Nearly all religions involved a belief in one creator or god.
They also included elements of Animism

17. ANIMISM
Animism is not a SPECIFIC religion but more of a term to describe TRADITIONAL religious beliefs
Animism is the belief that there is no separation between the SPIRITUAL and PHYSICAL (or material) world
Souls or Spirits exist, not only in humans, but also in all other animals, plants, and other natural forces.
Animism believes spirits of deceased ANCESTORS can have a POSITIVE or NEGATIVE effect on life