1. Confucianism and Buddhism Ch. 7

4. 1. Buddhism began in India 2. Missionaries spread the religion throughout Asia (introduced it to China along the Silk Road) 3. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)

5. 4. Buddha means “Enlightened One” 5. It spread quickly- China during the PERIOD OF DISUNION 6. It comforted the people (meditation and concentration)

6. 7. It helped people escape from suffering during a time when there was chaos and disorder 8. Achieve a state of peace 9. Was part of Chinese culture (art, architecture (temples), literature, nature (gardens)

7. 10. Stressed spiritual outlook 11. peaceful, calmness, religion 12. The Age of Buddhism was a period of time when it was very popular in the Chinese culture 13.The popularity came to an end during the Tang dynasty

8. 14. Wealthy Buddhist donated money to pay for (temples, artwork, literature, etc.) 15. The Tang emperor launched a campaign against it (burned many, not all temples, books, art, literature)

9. We are done taking notes about Buddhism We are going to read over some more facts PLEASE DO NOT WRITE THESE FACTS DOWN

10. . V. The Age of Buddhism ( 400-845 ) A. began in India in 500bc B. many began practicing during the period of disunion after the fall of the Han *these were times of trouble *people took comfort in Buddhist teachings and felt they can escape and achieve a state of peace. 1. “suffering can end through cycle of rebirth” C. influenced art, literature, architecture D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism

11. Buddhism D. Buddhist teachings 1. a religion- based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha 2. Buddha means “enlightened one” 3. He lived in India 563-483 BC 4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD by Buddhist monks who traveled along the Silk Road

12. Buddhism this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students. 5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths (1) all life is suffering and pain (2) suffering and pain are caused by desire for wealth, pleasure, fame, power (3) to end suffering one must overcome desire (4) to over come desire, one must foll the Middle Way

13. Buddhism 6. The Middle Way- to have morally excellent conduct and compassion for all living things = calmness and purity of mind

14. Buddhism 7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul is reborn in a new body 8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana = desire nothing 9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of life and death; they are no longer is reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering 10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring others to enlightenment

15. Instructions: create a timeline using the dates from your notes 220 Han Dynasty “period of disunion” 589 Sui Dynasty 618 907 Tang Dynasty 5 Dynasties & 10 kingdoms 960 Song Dynasty Age of Buddhism845 400 12791368 Yuan Dynasty 1644 907 Ming Dynasty

16. Main Idea 3: The Age of Buddhism saw major religious changes in China. Buddhism was spreading quickly throughout the lands. It first came to China during the Han dynasty. During the troubled time of the Period of Disunion, many turned to Buddhism. They took comfort in the teaching that people can escape suffering and achieve a state of peace. It influenced many aspects of Chinese culture. Wealthy people donated money to build temples. It also affected art, literature, and architecture. Buddhism came to an end there when the Tang emperor launched a campaign against it, burning texts and destroying temples.

17. Please take out the handout about Confucius

18. 1. Kong Fuzi = Confucius 2. It was a philosophy that influenced the Song dynasty 3. It emphasized or stressed ethical behavior (Buddhism stressed a spiritual outlook)

19. 3. The Chinese government adopted this as their official philosophy 4. This philosophy focused on 2 important principles (a) ren = to have concern for others (b) li = to have appropriate behavior

20. 6. Everyone had a role to play in society 7. People should know this by respecting others (a)Ruler and subject (b)Parent and child (c)Husband and wife (d)Sibling and sibling (e)Friend and friend

21. 8. Respect the elderly 9. Focus on: proper conduct, respect for elderly, Education, your role in society, respect and obey the government. 10. It was introduced during the Han dynasty, but overshadowed or put aside during the Period of Disunion 11. People turned to Buddhism as a spiritual outlook to escape from suffering

22. Turn your paper over to write on the back *do not write this info. Down yet

24. 7.3.3 7.3.6 Confucianism and Government The Big Idea Confucian thought influenced the Song government. Main Ideas Confucianism underwent changes and influenced Chinese government. Scholar-officials ran China’s government during the Song dynasty.

25. VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

26. Confucianism B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC 2. developed the philosophy of life and for government 3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service 4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

27. Confucianism 5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work

28. Confucianism B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships 1. ruler and subject 2. parent and child 3. husband and wife 4. sibling and sibling 5. friend and friend

29. Confucianism C. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possible and a stable society would be possible

30. Chapter 7

31. Chapter 7, Section 3

32. Confucianism

33. Confucian Ideas – p.177 Teachings focused on ethics or proper behavior for individuals & governments People should follow 2 basic principles- Ren-concern for others Li-appropriate behavior Society would work best if everyone followed ren and li

34. Confucian Ideas – p. 177 Everyone had a proper role in society Order was maintained if everyone knew their roles and behaved appropriately Ex. – young people should obey their elders Ex. – subjects should obey their rulers

35. The Influence of Confucianism – p.177 At first, his ideas not widely followed after his death Han Dyn.-comes into favor Becomes the official state philosophy

36. The Influence of Confucianism – p. 177 Period of Disunion-overshadowed by Buddhism Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influential-promising escape from suffering Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost some influence, but still important

37. Neo-Confucianism – p. 178 Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in Confucianism because scholars wanted to improve govt. & society Neo-Confucianism develops during & after the Song Dynasty Neo means new

38. Neo-Confucianism – p. 178 Neo-Confucianism-similar to old philosophy because it taught proper behavior It also emphasized spiritual matters (new part) Much more influential under Song and even more later Ideas became official govt. teachings after Song

39. Confucius Quotes A superior man is modest in his speech, but exceeds in his actions. Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. Success depends upon previous preparation, and without such preparation there is sure to be failure.

40. Scholar-Officials

41. Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179 Song Dyn. improved system by which people worked for the govt. Workers formed a bureaucracy-body of unelected govt. officials Civil Service-means service as a govt. official People had to pass written exams to become govt. officials Students were tested on Confucianism & related ideas

42. Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179 Tests very difficult-took years of study Passing meant life as a scholar-official- an educated member of the govt. Scholar-officials were highly respected members of society with many privileges This system ensured that talented people became govt. officials

43. V. The Age of Buddhism ( 400-845 ) A. began in India in 500bc B. many began practicing during the period of disunion after the fall of the Han *these were times of trouble *people took comfort in Buddhist teachings and felt they can escape and achieve a state of peace. 1. “suffering can end through cycle of rebirth” C. influenced art, literature, architecture D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism

44. Buddhism D. Buddhist teachings 1. a religion- based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha 2. Buddha means “enlightened one” 3. He lived in India 563-483 BC 4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD by Buddhist monks who traveled along the Silk Road

45. Buddhism this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students. 5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths (1) all life is suffering and pain (2) suffering and pain are caused by desire for wealth, pleasure, fame, power (3) to end suffering one must overcome desire (4) to over come desire, one must foll the Middle Way

46. Buddhism 6. The Middle Way- to have morally excellent conduct and compassion for all living things = calmness and purity of mind

47. Buddhism 7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul is reborn in a new body 8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana = desire nothing 9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of life and death; they are no longer is reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering 10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring others to enlightenment

48. VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

49. Confucianism B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC 2. developed the philosophy of life and for government 3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service 4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

50. Confucianism 5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work

51. Confucianism B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships 1. ruler and subject 2. parent and child 3. husband and wife 4. sibling and sibling 5. friend and friend

52. Confucianism C. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possible and a stable society would be possible

53. 2. Neo- Confucianism A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas blended together 1. emphasized spiritual matters a. why do good people do bad things?

54. 3. Scholar officials A. educated government officials 1. civil service exams a. those who passed became part of bureaucracy for life 2.created a stable, efficient government

55. Instructions: create a timeline using the dates from your notes 220 Han Dynasty “period of disunion” 589 Sui Dynasty 618 907 Tang Dynasty 5 Dynasties & 10 kingdoms 960 Song Dynasty Age of Buddhism845 400 12791368 Yuan Dynasty 1644 907 Ming Dynasty

56. Main Idea 1: Confucianism underwent changes and influenced Chinese government. The dominant philosophy in China was Confucianism, based on the teachings of Confucius. His teachings focused on proper behavior. Confucius taught that people should conduct their lives according to two basic principles. –One was ren, or concern for others. –The other was li, or appropriate behavior.

57. Neo-Confucianism After his death, Confucius’s ideas were spread by his followers, but as Buddhism became more popular, Confucianism lost some influence. Buddhism stressed a more spiritual outlook that promised escape from suffering. Neo-Confucianism developed due to a desire to improve Chinese government and society. It was similar to the older philosophy but emphasized spiritual matters. Neo-Confucianism became more influential under the Song, and became official government teaching after the Song dynasty.

58. Main Idea 2: Scholar-officials ran China’s government during the Song dynasty. The Song dynasty improved the system by which people went to work for the government. These workers formed a large bureaucracy, or a body of unelected government officials.

59. Civil Service Examinations Officials joined the bureaucracy by passing civil service examinations. Civil service means service as a government official. These were a series of written examinations that tested students’ grasp of Confucianism and related ideas. The tests were difficult, and students spent years preparing. Passing the exam meant life as a scholar-official, an educated member of government.

60. Daoism A.Laozi- the first Daoist philosopher, 606- 530 BC B. Teachings- 1. the goal in life was to achieve oneness with the Dao, a universal force connected to nature that cannot be defined, only experienced and felt

61. Daoism 2. humans should see themselves as part of nature and should understand change as part of everything 3. the best way for humans to find peace is by living simply, in harmony with nature 4. observe how nature acts- sit by a river, feel a breeze, observe a cloud drifting, etc

62. Daoism 5. they don’t believe in strong government, they believe happiness and pace can be achieved by thinging about nature and leading a balanced life in tune with nature; not laws or rules 6. harmony comes from balanceing the opposite forces of nature called yin and yang

63. Daoism 7. yin’s attributes = female, earth, dark, cold 8. yang’s attributes = male, sky, light, heat

64. VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

65. Confucianism B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC 2. developed the philosophy of life and for government 3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service 4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

66. Confucianism 5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work

67. Confucianism B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships 1. ruler and subject 2. parent and child 3. husband and wife 4. sibling and sibling 5. friend and friend

68. Confucianism C. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possible and a stable society would be possible

69. Chapter 7

70. Chapter 7, Section 3

71. Confucianism

72. Confucian Ideas – p.177 Teachings focused on ethics or proper behavior for individuals & governments People should follow 2 basic principles- Ren-concern for others Li-appropriate behavior Society would work best if everyone followed ren and li

73. Confucian Ideas – p. 177 Everyone had a proper role in society Order was maintained if everyone knew their roles and behaved appropriately Ex. – young people should obey their elders Ex. – subjects should obey their rulers

74. The Influence of Confucianism – p.177 At first, his ideas not widely followed after his death Han Dyn.-comes into favor Becomes the official state philosophy

75. The Influence of Confucianism – p. 177 Period of Disunion-overshadowed by Buddhism Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influential-promising escape from suffering Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost some influence, but still important

76. Neo-Confucianism – p. 178 Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in Confucianism because scholars wanted to improve govt. & society Neo-Confucianism develops during & after the Song Dynasty Neo means new

77. Neo-Confucianism – p. 178 Neo-Confucianism-similar to old philosophy because it taught proper behavior It also emphasized spiritual matters (new part) Much more influential under Song and even more later Ideas became official govt. teachings after Song

78. Confucius Quotes A superior man is modest in his speech, but exceeds in his actions. Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. Success depends upon previous preparation, and without such preparation there is sure to be failure.

79. Scholar-Officials

80. Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179 Song Dyn. improved system by which people worked for the govt. Workers formed a bureaucracy-body of unelected govt. officials Civil Service-means service as a govt. official People had to pass written exams to become govt. officials Students were tested on Confucianism & related ideas

81. Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179 Tests very difficult-took years of study Passing meant life as a scholar-official- an educated member of the govt. Scholar-officials were highly respected members of society with many privileges This system ensured that talented people became govt. officials

82. V. The Age of Buddhism ( 400-845 ) A. began in India in 500bc B. many began practicing during the period of disunion after the fall of the Han *these were times of trouble *people took comfort in Buddhist teachings and felt they can escape and achieve a state of peace. 1. “suffering can end through cycle of rebirth” C. influenced art, literature, architecture D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism

83. Buddhism D. Buddhist teachings 1. a religion- based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha 2. Buddha means “enlightened one” 3. He lived in India 563-483 BC 4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD by Buddhist monks who traveled along the Silk Road

84. Buddhism this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students. 5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths (1) all life is suffering and pain (2) suffering and pain are caused by desire for wealth, pleasure, fame, power (3) to end suffering one must overcome desire (4) to over come desire, one must foll the Middle Way

85. Buddhism 6. The Middle Way- to have morally excellent conduct and compassion for all living things = calmness and purity of mind

86. Buddhism 7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul is reborn in a new body 8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana = desire nothing 9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of life and death; they are no longer is reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering 10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring others to enlightenment

87. VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

88. Confucianism B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC 2. developed the philosophy of life and for government 3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service 4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

89. Confucianism 5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work

90. Confucianism B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships 1. ruler and subject 2. parent and child 3. husband and wife 4. sibling and sibling 5. friend and friend

91. Confucianism C. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possible and a stable society would be possible

92. 2. Neo- Confucianism A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas blended together 1. emphasized spiritual matters a. why do good people do bad things?

93. 3. Scholar officials A. educated government officials 1. civil service exams a. those who passed became part of bureaucracy for life 2.created a stable, efficient government

94. Instructions: create a timeline using the dates from your notes 220 Han Dynasty “period of disunion” 589 Sui Dynasty 618 907 Tang Dynasty 5 Dynasties & 10 kingdoms 960 Song Dynasty Age of Buddhism845 400 12791368 Yuan Dynasty 1644 907 Ming Dynasty