1. 10 DEAD; DOZENS INJURED IN TOWN OF 85,000
TWO SMALL (M4.5 AND M5.2) EARTHQUAKES EXPOSE VULNERABILITIES IN OLD BUILDINGS IN LORCA, SPAIN
10 DEAD; DOZENS INJURED IN TOWN OF 85,000
6:45 PM,WEDNESDAY, MAY 11, 2011
Other Supercourse lectures on Earthquake
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

2. PAST DAMAGING EARTHQUAKES IN SPAIN
The epicenter was located in the Tercia mountain range close to the town of Lorca, 350 km from Madrid.

3. LORCA: DAMAGE TO OLD MASONRY BUILDINGS

4. LORCA: FALLING DEBRIS DAMAGES CARS

5. HOSPITAL IN LORCA DAMAGED
About 270 patients at a hospital in Lorca were evacuated as a precaution after the building sustained damage.

6. PAST DAMAGING EARTHQUAKES IN SPAIN
More than 300 troops and extra police with search and rescue teams were sent to Lorca.

7. PAST DAMAGING EARTHQUAKES IN SPAIN
In Spain’s last major quake in 1956, 12 people in the province of Granada were killed.

8. BACKGROUND: EARTHQUAKE RISK ASSESSMENT

9. SEISMICITY
TECTONIC
SETTING & FAULTS
EARTHQUAKE
HAZARD MODEL

10. TSUNAMI FAULT RUPTURE TECTONIC DEFORMATION DAMAGE/LOSS
FOUNDATION FAILURE
EARTHQUAKE
DAMAGE/ LOSS
SITE AMPLIFICATION
DAMAGE/ LOSS
GROUND
SHAKING
LIQUEFACTION
DAMAGE/ LOSS
DAMAGE/LOSS
LANDSLIDES
DAMAGE/ LOSS
AFTERSHOCKS
DAMAGE/ LOSS
SEICHE
DAMAGE/ LOSS

11. IMPORTANCE AND VALUE OF STRUCTURE AND CONTENTS
LOCATION OF STRUCTURE
IMPORTANCE AND VALUE OF STRUCTURE AND CONTENTS
EXPOSURE
MODEL

12. QUALITY OF DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
ADEQUACY OF LATERAL-FORCE RESISTING SYSTEM
VULNERABILITY
MODEL

13. UNREINFORCED MASONRY, BRICK OR STONE
REINFORCED CONCRETE WITH UNREINFORCED WALLS
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS HAVE DIFFERENT VULNERABILITIES TO GROUND SHAKING 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
MEAN DAMAGE RATIO, % OF REPLACEMENT VALUE
REINFORCED CONCRETE WITH REINFORCEDWALLS
STEEL FRAME
ALL METAL & WOOD FRAME V VI
VII
VIII IX
INTENSITY

14. INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING
CAUSES OF DAMAGE
INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING
SOIL AMPLIFICATION
PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND FAILURE)
IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN
EARTHQUAKES
“DISASTER LABORATORIES”
FIRE FOLLOWING RUPTURE OF UTILITIES
LACK OF DETAILING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
INATTENTION TO NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

15. ROME: MAY 11, 2011 CON-SIDERED AN OMINOUS DATE
One in five residents of Rome stayed off work and children were kept out of school over fears fueled by an earthquake prediction by seismologist Raffaele Bendandi: namely that "the big one" would strike on May 11, 2011.