1. WORLD WAR II: War Breaks Out
Chapter 29

2. Today… 15 minutes on Munich Agreement reading
Holocaust- video clips and photo activity
Upcoming
Reading Quiz – Wednesday (Ch 29)
Test (Ch 27, 28, 29) -Mult Choice on Friday!
Handing out a review packet tomorrow!

3. Message of this cartoon??

4. Hitler’s Goals Hitler expressed his main goals in his book Mein Kampf.
Primary goal- the unification of the German people, the Volk
This nation would include all of the Germanic parts of the Habsburg Empire, including Austria.

5. Volk Unification of German people into one nation
The nation would need extra room to live - Lebensraum

6. Lebensraum “Space to live” Methods:
- Conquest  Land would be taken from the Slavs, an inferior race (Like Poland, Ukraine)
- Purification  They would get rid of Jews, the lowest of the races.

7. Rearmament
Rearming
In 1933, Germany withdrew from the League of Nations.
In 1934, Germany signed a non-aggression pact with Poland.
In 1935, Hitler formally renounced the disarmament provisions of the Versailles treaty, and soon reinstated conscription.
Though the League of Nations denounced Germany’s decision to rearm, it was helpless to prevent it

8. France: Maginot Line
Series of fortifications that helped France feel protected –
Solution to Hitler problem??

9. Maginot Line

10. Maginot Line

12. Italy Attacks Ethiopia
October Mussolini attacks Ethiopia (Abyssinia)

13. League of Nations Reaction?
What the League did:
The League talked to Mussolini – but he used the time to send an army to Africa.
The League suggested a plan to give part of Abyssinia to Italy.
The Outcome:
Mussolini ignored the League, and invaded Abyssinia.
The League banned weapons sales, and put sanctions on rubber and metal.
The Abyssinian Emperor Haile Selassie went to the League to appeal for help, but it did nothing else – in fact Britain and France secretly agreed to give Abyssinia to Italy (the Hoare- Laval Pact).
Italy conquered Abyssinia, the League had failed.

14. Italy Attacks Ethiopia

15. Rome-Berlin Axis
Alliance between Hitler and Mussolini

16. Remilitarization of the Rhineland
Mussolini’s success convinced Hitler that the Western powers wouldn’t oppose him either
March 7, 1936 – Hitler sends a small armed force into the demilitarized Rhineland.

18. Austria 1938 - Hitler marches into Austria on March 12th to cheers
Anschluss - the union of Germany and Austria
Another violation of the Treaty

19. Czechoslovakia
Anschluss meant that Czechoslovakia was surrounded

20. Czechoslovakia Sudetenland had many ethnic Germans
“Political persecution and economic oppression have plunged the Sudeten Germans into untold misery” – Adolf Hitler

21. Czechoslovakia The existence of Czechoslovakia irked Hitler
It was created to separate Germany from Austria
Pro-democratic and allied with France and Soviet Union

22. Czechoslovakia
Throughout 1938, Hitler increases the pressure on the Czechs:
Spread false rumors that the Germans would attack, forcing the Czechs to mobilize their army on the German border in May.
September 12: Hitler made a speech at a Nazi rally, provoked ethnic German rioting in the Sudetenland; the Czechs declared martial law.

23. Great Britain Reaction?
Neville Chamberlain- British Prime Minister,
Visits Germany 3 times between September 15th and 29th, attempting to appease Hitler and avoid war.
He ends up conceding the Sudetenland to Germany by withdrawing support from Czechoslovakia.
However, Hitler insists that the Czechs withdraw within three days. War appeared unavoidable.

24. Great Britain Reaction?
Munich Conference - September 29th, 1938, Mussolini calls a conference at Chamberlain’s request.

25. Great Britain Reaction?
Results of the Munich Conference:
Hitler’s demands were met, and he gained control of the Sudetenland.
He promised that he had no further territorial demands in Europe.
Chamberlain claimed he had brought “peace with honour.”

26. Appeasement

27. Appeasement

28. Czechoslovakia
March 15, Hitler occupies Prague, taking the rest of Czechoslovakia.

30. Poland Hitler begins to try to provoke a war with Poland –
Began to put pressure on Poland to restore the city of Danzig to Germany
Wanted to build a railroad through Poland to connect to East Germany

31. Reaction??
March – France and Britain guarantee Polish independence.

32. Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact
August
The Soviets sign a pact with Germany, agreeing to divide Poland between them.

33. Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact

34. Poland
September Hitler invades Poland.

35. Map 28–2 PARTITIONS OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND POLAND, 1938–1939 The immediate background of World War II is found in the complex international drama unfolding on Germany’s eastern frontier in 1938 and Germany’s expansion inevitably meant the victimization of Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. With the failure of the Western powers’ appeasement policy and the signing of a German-Soviet pact, the stage for the war was set.

37. Reaction??
September Britain and France declare war on Germany.