1. Integumentary disorders
Instructor – Cindy Quisenberry
Integumentary disorders

2. Macule – flat spots (light or dark)

3. Macule – flat spots (light or dark)

4. Papule – small, firm, raised area (example: pimple)

5. Vesicle – small blister (example: chickenpox

6. Bulla – large blister

7. Bulla – large blister

8. Pustule –
small elevation with WBC’s, sometimes bacteria or other cells (pus filled sacs – example: pimple)

9. Wheal – itchy, elevated areas with an irregular shape (example – insect bite)

10. Ulcer – deep loss of skin surface that may extend into the dermis; may cause periodic bleeding and the formation of scars (Individuals at risk are Diabetics, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Decreased Mobility, etc.)

11. DECUBITUS Ulcer – CAUSED FROM POOR NUTRITION, PRESSURE ON THE SKIN (over bony prominences, POOR CIRCULATION (ie: Diabetes Mellitus, PVD, etc. )
Prevention
Turn at least every 2 hours
Lotion skin
Heel/elbow protectors, air mattress, egg crate mattress, etc.
Pillow between bony prominences
Elevate bony prominences off of mattress

12. Ulcer staging

13. Fissure – crack in the skin

14. Furuncle (boil) –
localized, originating in hair follicle

15. carbuncle –
An abscess of the skin, formed by the merger of two or more boils

16. abscess –
A localized collection of pus in any body part that results from invasion of a pyogenic bacterium or other pathogen

17. Gangrene – necrosis or death of tissue

18. Bed positions

19. Bed positions

20. Bed positions

21. Bed positions

22. Bed positions

23. Burn classifications

24. Second DEGREE BURN

25. Second DEGREE BURN

26. THIRD DEGREE BURN

27. THIRD DEGREE BURN

28. Rule of NInes
The rule of nines is a standardized method used to quickly assess how much body surface area (BSA) has been burned on a patient. This rule is only applied to partial thickness (2nd degree) and full thickness (3rd degree) burns.

29. FOURTH DEGREE BURN

30. Rule of nines
The diagram depicts BSA percentages for adults and infants of one year or less.

31. Rule of nines
For children over the age of one year, for each year above one, add 0.5% to each leg and subtract 1% for the head. This formula should be used until the adult rule of nines values are reached. For example, a 5-year old child would be +2% for each leg and -4% for the head

32. SKIN GRAFT

33. SKIN GRAFT

34. SKIN GRAFT

35. Impetigo – caused by Staph or strep
Treatment – Oral and/or Topical Antibiotics

36. Rubella Everyone should be immunized – Dangerous to
non-immunized pregnant women

37. Ringworm – caused by fungus
Treatment – Topical antifungal medication

38. Chicken pox– caused by Herpes varicella
Vaccine available for prevention

39. shingles – caused by herpes zoster
Treatment – Zovirax /Acyclovir – antiviral med.
Vaccine available for prevention

40. pediculosis – Lice
Treatment – pediculicide

41. Scabies – contagious skin eruption caused by mites
Treatment – Permethrin (scabicidal)

42. psoriasis – Chronic skin disorder; etiology unknown, but possible immune dysregulation; possible genetic predisposition to this disorder
Treatment – Biologic, Systemic meds.,
Phototherapy, Topicals (corticosteriods, coal tar derivatives)

43. Skin Cancer characteristics
Basal
A - Asymmetry
B - Border
C - Color
D - Diameter
E - Evolving
Squamous
Melanoma