1. Essential Nutrients- Minerals

3. Essential Nutrients: Minerals
Target: I will be able to identify key information about minerals
Minerals: Inorganic substances essential to the functioning of the human body and are obtained from foods
Your body uses minerals for many different jobs, including building bones, making hormones and regulating your heartbeat.
Easily excreted and with a few exceptions, usually not toxic
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4. Major Minerals- the ones the body needs in larger amounts = sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, and chloride.
Trace Minerals- the ones your body needs in smaller amounts = Selenium, Fluoride, Iodine, Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Zinc, and Copper
If you have a deficiency (lack) or toxicity (excess) of these serious problems can arise

6. Major Minerals Calcium
Strong bones and teeth
Heart and muscle contraction
Blood clotting
Foods-dairy, dark green leafy vegetables, tofu, legumes

7. Phosphorus Combines with calcium for strong bones and teeth
Helps maintain acid balance in the blood
Foods-dairy products, meats, whole grains, liver, broccoli

8. Magnesium Metabolizes Carbohydrates Bone growth Muscle contractions
Foods-whole grain, dark leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, milk

9. Sodium Water balance in the body Aids transmission of nerve impulses
Foods-table salt, processed foods, soy sauce

10. Chloride (Chlorine) Same as sodium Part of gastric juice
Found in saliva to breakdown starches
Foods-table salt, processed foods, meats, fish, and poultry

11. Potassium Controls acid and liquid balances
Thought to activate enzymes in the use of amino acids
Foods-legumes, potatoes, bananas, oranges, meats, milk

12. Sulfur A component of insulin Builds hair, nails, and skin
Foods-dried fruits, dairy, eggs, beans, barley, and nuts

13. Trace Minerals Iron
Major part of hemoglobin (carries oxygen)- Helps RBC transport oxygen
Helps body resist infections
Deficiency Disease = Anemia
Foods-meat, poultry, seafood, beans, green leafy vegetables, fortified cereals, dried fruits

14. Iodine Major part of thyroid hormone (thyroxin)- Helps produce it!
Regulates rate at which the body uses energy
Helps in water balance (homeostasis)
Foods-iodized table salt, seafood

15. Zinc Component of insulin
Growth and repair of body cells- Helps bodies heal wounds
Foods-shellfish, meat, milk, eggs, whole grain foods

16. Selenium Works with vitamin E to prevent cell damage
Breaks down harmful substances
Possible protection against cirrhosis of the liver
Foods-Seafood, milk, eggs, meat, poultry, kidney, and liver

17. Copper Needed to help make Red Blood Cells
Ingredient in several enzymes
Foods-bean, brazil nuts, whole meal flour, seafood, kidney, and liver

18. Fluoride Normal tooth and bone development and maintenance
Foods-fish with edible bones, fluoridated water, fluoride tablets

19. Manganese Assists the body in utilizing carbs proteins, and fats
Helps synthesize (make) cholesterol
Important for growth of cartilage and bone
Foods-whole grains, nuts, green leafy vegetables, legumes, liver, and kidney
Summary:

20. Researching Minerals
Choose one of the Mineral we learned and do a little research.
Draw a picture to help you remember it, and then answer the following questions:
1. What is the role/function of this nutrient in humans? (What does it do/help do?)
2. How much (milligrams) of this mineral is recommended in a typical diet?
3. Which 3 food sources are highest in this mineral?
4. What does a lack (deficiency) and excess (toxicity) of this mineral do to the body?
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