1. Era of Good Feelings
Period 4

2. Think About It
Explain the impact of work, exchange, and technology on American progress during the Era of Good Feelings.

3. A National Perception Fourth of July Celebration in Centre Square
John Lewis Krimmel, 1819

4. Era of Good Feelings James Monroe (D-R) (1817-1825)

5. Era of Good Feelings The Marshall Court
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Bank of the United States constitutional under “necessary and proper”
States could not tax the Bank - Supremacy Clause
Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819)
Gov’t cannot interfere with contracts between private parties
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
Increased federal government’s interstate commerce authority
Chief Justice John Marshall

6. Era of Good Feelings The Great Triumvirate
WEST
Henry Clay of Kentucky
NORTH
Daniel Webster of Massachusetts
SOUTH
John C. Calhoun of South Carolina

7. The Great Triumvirate Henry Clay
From Kentucky; representing the West
Slave holder
U.S. House of Representative
Democratic-Republican
War Hawk
Speaker of the House
American Colonization Society
American System
Missouri Compromise (1820)
South America and Greek Independence Movements
Election of 1824
Secretary of State
U.S. Senator
National Republican/Whig Party
Election of 1832
Nullification Crisis/Compromise Tariff of 1833
Bank War
Election of 1844
Compromise of 1850

8. The Great Triumvirate Daniel Webster
From Massachusetts; representing the North
Federalist
Constitutional lawyer
McCullouch v. Maryland (1819)
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
U.S. House of Representative
U.S. Senator
Nullification Crisis/Webster-Hayne Debate (1830)
Secretary of State
Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1840)
Compromise of 1850

9. The Great Triumvirate John C. Calhoun
From South Carolina; representing the South
U.S. House of Representative
Democratic-Republican
War Hawk
Secretary of War
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Vice President
John Q. Adams
Andrew Jackson
U.S. Senator
Democrat
Nullification Crisis/South Carolina Exposition and Protest (1828)
Positive Good Speech (1837)
Secretary of State
Oregon Territory
Texas annexation
Compromise of 1850

10. Era of Good Feelings Missouri Compromise (1820)
Proposed by Henry Clay
Missouri admitted as slave state
Maine admitted as free state
Establish Latitude ’ Line
North of the line is free
South of the line is slave
“Missouri question aroused and filled me with alarm…I have been among the most sanguine in believing that our Union would be of long duration. I now doubt it much.” - Thomas Jefferson, April 13, 1820

11. Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

12. Era of Good Feelings Monroe Doctrine (1823)
U.S. and Great Britain concerned about European expansion into Americas
John Q. Adams authored
Points
Americas no longer to subject to European colonization
Europe must not interfere with sovereignty of independent nations in Americas

13. America’s Market Revolution
Subsistence farming to market specialization
Free enterprise system
Capital investment and state charters
Development of state and national infrastructure and networks

14. America’s Market Economy The American System
Henry Clay’s Plan
Protective tariffs
Develop domestic industries
Source of federal revenue including infrastructure projects
Tariff of 1816
Rate of 20-25%
National bank
Facilitate commerce and credit systems
Second Bank of the United States (BUS) (1816)
Infrastructure
National roads, canals, internal improvements
Improved transportation connected and expanded markets

15. America’s Market Economy Cumberland Road

16. America’s Market Economy Erie Canal

17. America’s Market Economy The Clermont

18. America’s Market Economy Railroad
Faster and durable form of transportation
Introduced in late 1820s
Only small lines between major regional cities

19. America’s Market Economy Telegraph
Samuel Morse in 1844
Information becomes widespread
Efficient control and administration of politics, business, transportation, markets

20. America’s Market Economy

21. America’s Market Economy Innovations
Steam engine
Interchangeable parts
Spinning jenny
Cotton gin

22. America’s Market Economy: Agriculture and Cotton
Evolution of Cotton
Technological Advancements
Eli Whitney’s cotton gin
Improved transportation
King Cotton
Impact of Improved Agriculture
Regional specialization
Increased drive for western expansion
Increased demand for slavery

23. America’s Market Economy: Industry and the Factory System
Evolution of Textiles
Putting-out system
Technological advancements
Samuel Slater
Lowell System
Vertically integrated system
Recruitment of young women “Mill Girls”
Impact of Industrialization
Increased output
Opportunities for unskilled labor
Weakened artisans
Increased urbanization
Increased American competitiveness

24. America’s Market Economy Panic of 1819
Causes
Western land speculation
War inflation then post-war deflation
BUS pursued contractionary monetary policy
Aftermath
First recession of market economy
Northern manufacturers demanded high tariffs
Southern farmers demanded low tariffs
Westerners criticized speculators and bankers

25. United States c. 1824