1. The Thirteen Original Colonies

2. The Thirteen Original Colonies

4. The New England Colonies

5. New England Colonies Notes
pages 71-76
§ New England= NE corner of U.S.
§ Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire
§ Massachusetts Bay Colony
o Settled by Puritans to “purify” Church of England
o Did not believe in religious toleration
§ Disagreements about religion led to the founding of other 
 colonies in New England:

6. o Roger Williams: left MA after criticizing colonists who stole 
 Native Americans’ lands
 -founded Rhode Island
- Anne Hutchinson:
 - questioned some Puritan teachings,
 - went to New York
- Thomas Hooker:
 - disagreed with Puritan leaders
 - founded Connecticut
- John Wheelright:
 - agreed with Anne Hutchinson
 - founded New Hampshire

7. - town meetings to decide local issues § Economy:
§ Government:
 - town meetings to decide local issues
§ Economy:
 - farming, leather goods, fishing, shipbuilding
§ By the 1670's, Puritan influence had declined
 - strict religious rules of the original settlers had less  
  influence over the people living there
Salem Witch Trials

8. The Middle Colonies

9. Middle Colonies Notes pages 77-81
§ sometimes called the "bread colonies," "America's 
 Breadbasket"
§ Includes: New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware
Most diverse part of English North America
Had some of the largest cities and busiest ports in the 
 colonies
§ New York
 - began as Dutch colony of New Netherland 
 - New Netherland was conquered by order of King 
  Charles II
 - was renamed New York
§ New Jersey
 - established in 1665 when part of southern NY was split off 
 to form a new colony

10. § Pennsylvania
 - Quakers: new religious group in  England in 1650’s 
 - believed all people had a direct link or “inner light” 
 with God
 - all people equal in God’s eyes
o William Penn (leader) wanted to find place for 
 Quakers to live free from persecution
o Got large area of land from King Charles II- now PA
o Called it Penn’s “holy experiment”- to create a place  in which people from different religion backgrounds 
 could live peacefully (freedom of religion)
§ Delaware
 - originally part of PA
 - Penn gave it its own representative assembly; 
 became a separate colony

11. The Southern Colonies

12. Southern Colonies Notes
pages 84-89
§ much less diverse than the other colonies
- five colonies south of the Mason-Dixon Line
§ Mason-Dixon Line: boundary to settle dispute between 
 Maryland and Pennsylvania
o After American Revolution, was the line between northern  states where slavery was abolished and southern states 
 where slavery persisted
§ Includes: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South 
 Carolina, Georgia
§ Two distinct ways of life in southern colonies:
o plantations, large farms along coast
o small, isolated family farms away from the coast
Tobacco Plantations

13. o to set up colony where Catholics could live safely
§ Maryland
 - 1632, King Charles I gave charter for new colony 
 to George Calvert, and English Catholic
o to set up colony where Catholics could live safely
o passed Acts of Toleration (welcomed all 
 Christians)
- Virginia
 - population grew gradually during the  1600’s
 - new settlers from Europe; many were women 
 and children

14. § Carolina
 - 1663, King Charles II granted a charter to create 
 Carolina
o northern part developed slowly
o southern part developed quickly
o later became two colonies, North and South Carolina
§ Georgia
 - last of England’s 13 colonies, founded for two 
 reasons:
 o English feared Spain was about to expand its 
  Florida colony upward
 o Wanted colony where there would be protection for   English debtors