1. Infectious Disease

2. 1. Infectious Disease
Any disease that is caused by an agent that has invaded the body.

3. 2. Pathogen
Any agent that causes disease.

4. 3. Common Pathogens Bacteria – single celled organisms.
Viruses – genetic material covered in a protein shell.
Fungi – absorbs nutrients from living and nonliving organisms.
Protozoa – single celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria.
Parasites – organisms that get their energy from other living things.

5. 4. Transmission of Disease
Person-to-person – sneezing, coughing, sharing drinks, contact.
Food and Water – improperly treated water, and improperly prepared foods.
Environment – doorknobs, money, and soil.
Animals – pets, stray animals, and insects.

6. 5. Treatment Bacterial infections – antibiotics
Viral infections – no cure, symptoms are treated, must run its course.
Fungal infections – OTC antifungal, oral meds in severe cases.
Protozoan infections – prescription meds.
Parasitic infections – medicated shampoos (lice), prescription meds.

7. 6. Body’s defenses Physical Barriers Inflammatory Response
Skin
Mucous membranes
Chemicals – sweat, stomach acid, tears
Inflammatory Response
Immune System
Antibodies
White blood cells

8. 7. Inflammation
A reaction to injury or infection that is characterized by, pain, redness, and swelling.

9. 8. Precautions Wash your hands Eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.
Drink water (8-10 glasses a day)
Reduce stress levels
Exercise regularly
Regular medical checks
Avoid close contact with sick people.
Get enough sleep
Get vaccinated

10. 9. Prevention Get vaccinated Keep clean Don’t share personal items
Bathing
Washing hands
Don’t share personal items
Toothbrushes
Hairbrushes
Food and drinks
Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing.
Be on guard outdoors
Insect repellant
Don’t drink from streams
Wild animals

11. 10. Common Viral Infections
Influenza (flu)
Cold
Mumps
Measles
Mononucleosis
Hepatitis

12. 11. Other common infections
Fungal – athletes foot; ringworm
Protozoan – malaria, amoebic dysentery
Parasitic – lice, leeches, ticks, tapeworms, hookworms, and pinworms.